Global cerebral ischemia in adolescent male Long Evans rats: Effects of vanillic acid supplementation on stress response, emotionality, and visuospatial memory
| Autor: | Alexandre J. S. Morin, Hélène Plamondon, Marilou Poitras |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Ischemia Hippocampus Hippocampal formation Spatial memory Neuroprotection Open field Brain Ischemia 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Animals Rats Long-Evans Sexual Maturation CA1 Region Hippocampal 030304 developmental biology Neurons Vanillic Acid 0303 health sciences business.industry Age Factors medicine.disease Barnes maze Rats Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure Neuroprotective Agents nervous system Dietary Supplements Impulsive Behavior business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Basolateral amygdala |
| Zdroj: | Behavioural brain research. 412 |
| ISSN: | 1872-7549 |
| Popis: | The developmental period is critical in delineating plastic response to internal and external events. However, neurobehavioural effects of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in the maturing brain remain largely unknown. This study characterised the effects of GCI experienced at puberty on adulthood (1) hippocampus CA1 neuronal damage, (2) cognitive and emotional impairments, and (3) glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. Effects of adolescent exposure to the phenol vanillic acid (VA) on post-ischemic outcomes were also determined. Male Long Evans rats (n = 35) were supplemented for 21 consecutive days (postnatal days 33-53) with VA (91 mg/kg) or nut paste vehicle (control) prior to a 10-min GCI or sham surgery. As adults, rats were tested in the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated-Plus Maze (EPM), and Barnes Maze (BM). GR expression was determined in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), CA1, and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and brain injury assessed via CA1 neuronal density. Adolescent GCI exposure induced extensive hippocampal CA1 injury, which was not prevented by VA supplementation. Behaviourally, GCI increased EPM exploration while having no impact on spatial memory. VA intake increased OFT peripheral exploration. Notably, while no delayed changes in CA1 and PVN GR immunoreactivity were noted, both treatments separately increased BLA GR expression when compared with sham-nut paste rats. Age at GCI occurrence plays a critical role on post-ischemic impairments. The observation of minimal functional impairments despite important CA1 neuronal damage supports use of compensatory mechanisms. Our findings also show daily VA supplementation during adolescence to have no protective effects on post-ischemic outcomes, contrasting adult intake. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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