Pulsatility effects of flow on vascular tone in the fetoplacental circulation
Autor: | Laura Martin, Melissa Westwood, Lucy Higgins, Paul Brownbill |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty placenta Lydia Becker Institute Placenta Pulsatile flow Vasodilation In Vitro Techniques perfusion Microcirculation 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/lydia_becker_institute_of_immunology_and_inflammation Internal medicine Humans Medicine Placental Circulation Ultrasonography Doppler Color vasodilation 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine business.industry pulsatility Doppler Obstetrics and Gynecology Blood flow Laser Doppler velocimetry 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Reproductive Medicine Pulsatile Flow Cardiology Vascular resistance Fetoplacental Circulation Female Vascular Resistance business Developmental Biology Flow-Mediated Vasodilation |
Zdroj: | Brownbill, P, Higgins, L & Westwood, M 2020, ' Pulsatility effects of flow on vascular tone in the fetoplacental circulation ', Placenta, vol. 101, pp. 163-168 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2020.09.003 |
ISSN: | 0143-4004 |
Popis: | Introduction The regulation of vascular tone in the fetoplacental circulation is governed by endocrine and mechanical forces yielding a relaxed basal state in normal pregnancy. Flow mediated vasodilation, induced by shear stress and endothelial nitric oxide signalling, is key to driving vasorelaxation in this circulation. The pulsatile property of blood flow, as opposed to the flow rate, could provide an additional factor in this regulation, but its effects and signalling have never been explored in the fetoplacental microvasculature. Methods: Here, we studied the effects of non-pulsatile and pulsatile flow modalities on vascular resistance in the fetoplacental microcirculation of the human placenta using an ex vivo perfusion model; and examined a potential role for nitric oxide. We also explored whether the placental Doppler velocimetry waveform is sustained within subchorial arteries in vivo. Results: Pulsatile flow reduced basal impedance to flow during steady state perfusion compared to non-pulsatile flow, signalled through enhanced nitric oxide production. Doppler velocimetry waveforms were visible within the subchorial arteries in vivo. Conclusion: This work suggests that the pulsatile property of flow through the fetoplacental circulation is sensed by the fetoplacental vasculature to mediate a signalling response and provide additional vasodilation of this microcirculation. We speculate that in pregnancy disease, altered amplitude and frequency of the subchorial pulse might impact on vascular function in a compromised high-resistance placental microcirculation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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