The membrane periodic skeleton is an actomyosin network that regulates axonal diameter and conduction
| Autor: | Inês Mendes Pinto, Diana Machado, David Rosa, Ana Costa, Ana Catarina Costa, Paula Sampaio, Marko Lampe, Feng Quan Zhou, Cátia D. F. Lopes, Paulo Aguiar, Rita Pinto-Costa, Luis Pajuelo, Xuewei Wang, Boris Rubinstein, Mónica Mendes Sousa, Sara C. Sousa, António J. Pereira, José C. Mateus |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Contraction (grammar) axonal cytoskeleton Actomyosin / physiology Neural Conduction Hippocampal formation Mice 0302 clinical medicine Myosin Spectrin axonal diameter Neural Conduction / physiology Axon Biology (General) Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA General Neuroscience actin ring Actomyosin General Medicine non-muscle myosin-ii Axons / physiology Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA / metabolism Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / metabolism medicine.anatomical_structure Membrane Medicine QH301-705.5 Science Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / genetics Short Report macromolecular substances General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Cell Line 03 medical and health sciences medicine Animals Humans Actin General Immunology and Microbiology Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA / genetics Cell Biology Axons axonal electrophysiology Rats Electrophysiology 030104 developmental biology nervous system Biophysics Rat 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | eLife, Vol 9 (2020) eLife |
| Popis: | Neurons have a membrane periodic skeleton (MPS) composed of actin rings interconnected by spectrin. Here, combining chemical and genetic gain- and loss-of-function assays, we show that in rat hippocampal neurons the MPS is an actomyosin network that controls axonal expansion and contraction. Using super-resolution microscopy, we analyzed the localization of axonal non-muscle myosin II (NMII). We show that active NMII light chains are colocalized with actin rings and organized in a circular periodic manner throughout the axon shaft. In contrast, NMII heavy chains are mostly positioned along the longitudinal axonal axis, being able to crosslink adjacent rings. NMII filaments can play contractile or scaffolding roles determined by their position relative to actin rings and activation state. We also show that MPS destabilization through NMII inactivation affects axonal electrophysiology, increasing action potential conduction velocity. In summary, our findings open new perspectives on axon diameter regulation, with important implications in neuronal biology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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