The Stand Structure of the Anatolian Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Forests and Samples of Natural Regeneration in Inebolu Forestry Enterprise

Autor: Recep Baycan, Esra Nurten Yer, Osman Topacoglu
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Zdroj: Volume: 16, Issue: 2
Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty
ISSN: 1303-2399
1309-4181
Popis: ÖzetAnadolu’nun yerli bir türü olan Castanea sativa Mill. Kastamonu ilinin Karadeniz kıyısındaki ormanlarda geniş bir yayılış alanına sahiptir. Ormanlardan elde edilen ürün ve hizmetlerin sürekli bir şekilde sağlanması meşcere kuruluşlarına uygun silvikültürel işlemlerin gerçekleştirilmesi ile mümkün olmaktadır. Bu nedenle Kestane ormanlarının kuruluş ve doğal gençleşme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi biyolojik çeşitlilik ve doğa koruma açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada; Kastamonu ili İnebolu İşletme Müdürlüğündeki Anadolu kestanesi (Castanea sativa Mill.) ormanlarının meşcere kuruluşları ve doğal gençleşme örnekleri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca doğal gençleşme örneklerindeki vitalite (yaşam gücü) durumu ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu sayede elde edilen veriler yardımı ile meşcere kuruluşları değerlendirilerek bu kuruluşları oluşturan faktörlerin etki şekilleri belirlenmiş uygun işlemler ile gerek doğal gençleşme gerekse meşcere vitalite ve stabilitesini sürekli sağlayacak işletmecilik tekniğine vurgu yapılarak doğaya yakın silvikültürün altlıklarının oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde; meşcere kapalılık derecesinin "gevşek ışıklı kapalılık" olduğu yerlerde yoğun gençlik gruplarının yer aldığı meşcerenin “tam ve sıkışık kapalılık” olduğu yerlerde ise gençliğin daha az yoğunlukta var olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gençliğin dağılımında yamaç durumu dikkate alındığında alt yamaç ile üst yamaç arasında önemli bir farkın olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Vitalite sınıfının belirlenmesi amacıyla seçilen örnek bireylerin çoğunun 4. ve 5. vitalite sınıflarında yer aldığı görülmüştür. 1, 2 ve 3. vitalite sınıflarına ise hiçbir örnek alanda rastlanmamıştır. Bu durum gençliklerin büyük çoğunluğunun yeterli boy ve çap artımı yapabildiğinin göstergesi olmuştur. Varlığı son yıllarda biyotik etkenler yüzünden tahrip olan kestane ormanlarının doğal gençleşme özellikleri üzerinde önemle durulması gerekmektedir. Kestane meşçerelerinin doğal olarak gençleştirilmesi veya doğal olarak gelmiş gençliklerde devamlılığının sağlanması yönünde uygun planlamalar bu alanlarda başlatılmalıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Silvikültürel işlemler, Süreklilik ilkesi, Meşcere kuruluşu, Vitalite, Anadolu kestanesi (Castanea sativa Mill.) The Stand Structure of the Anatolian Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Forests and Samples of Natural Regeneration in Inebolu Forestry Enterprise AbstractCastanea sativa Mill., which is a native strain of Anatolia, has an extensive range in the forests on the shore of Black Sea at Kastamonu province. Providing products and services, which are obtained from the sustainable forests, becomes possible by carrying out the silvicultural processes that are consistent with the stand structure. Therefore, determining the stand structure and natural regeneration characteristics of the forests, have great importance with regard to biological diversity and natural conservation. In this study, the stand structure of the Anatolian Chestnut forests and natural regeneration examples have been researched. Additionally, the vitality status in natural regeneration examples has been considered in detail. Thus, after evaluating the structure of the stands with the help of the data collected, the types of effects of the factors instituting these structures have been identified; and by expressing the administration technique that will continuously provide stand vitality, stability, and natural regeneration with appropriate processes; it is aimed to establish the basis of the silviculture, which is close to the nature. When the results of the study are evaluated; it is identified that, the intense youth groups take place in the areas where the closure level of the stand is “loose-light closure”, and the youth is less intense where the stand has “whole and crown closure”. When the statuses of the slopes are considered for the distribution of the youth, it is identified that there isn’t a significant difference between the lower and higher slopes. It is seen that, the majority of the sample individuals, which were selected in order to determine the classes of vitality, took places in the 4th and 5th classes of vitality. And, the 1st 2nd and 3th classes of vitality were not come across in any of the sample areas. This situation has been an indicator of the fact that, a gross majority of the youth is able to have adequate amount of height and diameter increment. The natural regeneration characteristics of the chestnut forests that have been ruined in recent years because of biological effects should be emphasized with more stress. Plans in the direction of, naturally regenerating the chestnut stands or providing the continuity of the naturally obtained youth, should be initiated. Key words: Silvicultural processes, Sustainable system, Stand structure, Vitality, Anatolian chestnut
Castanea sativa Mill., which is a native strain of Anatolia, has an extensive range in the forests on the shore of Black Sea at Kastamonu province. Providing products and services, which are obtained from the sustainable forests, becomes possible by carrying out the silvicultural processes that are consistent with the stand structure. Therefore, determining the stand structure and natural regeneration characteristics of the forests, have great importance with regard to biological diversity and natural conservation. In this study, the stand structure of the Anatolian Chestnut forests and natural regeneration examples have been researched. Additionally, the vitality status in natural regeneration examples has been considered in detail. Thus, after evaluating the structure of the stands with the help of the data collected, the types of effects of the factors instituting these structures have been identified; and by expressing the administration technique that will continuously provide stand vitality, stability, and natural regeneration with appropriate processes; it is aimed to establish the basis of the silviculture, which is close to the nature. When the results of the study are evaluated; it is identified that, the intense youth groups take place in the areas where the closure level of the stand is “loose-light closure”, and the youth is less intense where the stand has “whole and crown closure”. When the statuses of the slopes are considered for the distribution of the youth, it is identified that there isn’t a significant difference between the lower and higher slopes. It is seen that, the majority of the sample individuals, which were selected in order to determine the classes of vitality, took places in the 4th and 5th classes of vitality. And, the 1st 2nd and 3th classes of vitality were not come across in any of the sample areas. This situation has been an indicator of the fact that, a gross majority of the youth is able to have adequate amount of height and diameter increment. The natural regeneration characteristics of the chestnut forests that have been ruined in recent years because of biological effects should be emphasized with more stress. Plans in the direction of, naturally regenerating the chestnut stands or providing the continuity of the naturally obtained youth, should be initiated. Key words: Silvicultural processes, Sustainable system, Stand structure, Vitality, Anatolian chestnut
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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