Evaluation of Cocoa Bean Shell Antimicrobial Activity: A Tentative Assay Using a Metabolomic Approach for Active Compound Identification

Autor: Giuseppe Zeppa, Letricia Barbosa-Pereira, Olga Rojo-Poveda, Cédric Delporte, Flore Keymeulen, Sofia Oliveira Ribeiro, Caroline Stevigny, Cèlia Anton-Sales
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Pharmaceutical Science
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Analytical Chemistry
cocoa bean shell
Theobroma cacao
Malvaceae
antimicrobial activity
Streptococcus mutans
metabolomics
Streptococcus mutans
03 medical and health sciences
Ingredient
Minimum inhibitory concentration
0404 agricultural biotechnology
food
Drug Discovery
cocoa bean shell
Theobroma cacao
Pharmacognosie
Food science
Malvaceae
Technologie alimentaire
Chimie des denrées alimentaires
030304 developmental biology
Antibacterial agent
Pharmacology
Cacao
0303 health sciences
antimicrobial activity
biology
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Polyphenols
food and beverages
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
COCOA BEAN
biology.organism_classification
Antimicrobial
metabolomics
040401 food science
food.food
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Microbiologie des denrées alimentaires
Complementary and alternative medicine
Polyphenol
Molecular Medicine
Antibacterial activity
Zdroj: Planta medica
ISSN: 1439-0221
0032-0943
DOI: 10.1055/a-1499-7829
Popis: Cocoa bean shell (CBS) is one of the main by-products of chocolate manufacturing and possesses several compounds with biofunctionalities. It can function as an antibacterial agent, and its action is mostly reported against Streptococcus mutans. However, only a few studies have investigated the CBS compounds responsible for this activity. This study aimed to evaluate several extracts of CBSs from different geographical origins and cocoa varieties and estimate their antimicrobial properties against different fungal and bacterial strains by determining their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results demonstrated antimicrobial activity of CBS against one of the tested strains, S. mutans. CBS extracts were further analysed via liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for untargeted metabolomic analysis. LC-HRMS data were analysed (pre-processing and statistical analyses) using the Workflow4Metabolomics platform. The latter enabled us to identify possible compounds responsible for the detected antimicrobial activity by comparing the more and less active extracts. Active extracts were not the most abundant in polyphenols but contained higher concentrations of two metabolites. After tentative annotation of these metabolites, one of them was identified and confirmed to be 7-methylxanthine. When tested alone, 7-methylxanthine did not display antibacterial activity. However, a possible cocktail effect due to the synergistic activity of this molecule along with other compounds in the CBS extracts cannot be neglected. In conclusion, CBS could be a functional ingredient with benefits for human health as it exhibited antibacterial activity against S. mutans. However, the antimicrobial mechanisms still need to be confirmed.
info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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