Perchlorate and Thiocyanate Exposure and Thyroid Function in First-Trimester Pregnant Women

Autor: D. Dall'Amico, Arthur B Parkes, Robert Burns, Elizabeth N. Pearce, Mohammed Jooman, Aldo Maina, Jonathan P. Bestwick, Angela M. Leung, Xuemei He, Peter P.A. Smyth, Lewis E. Braverman, D.F. Smith, John H. Lazarus
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
endocrine system diseases
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Thyroid Gland
Thyrotropin
Urine
Thyroid Function Tests
Biochemistry
Mass Spectrometry
Perchlorate
chemistry.chemical_compound
Endocrinology
Pregnancy
Medicine
Euthyroid
Prospective Studies
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Immunoassay
Perchlorates
Triiodothyronine
medicine.diagnostic_test
Smoking
Thyroid
Chromatography
Ion Exchange
Editorial
medicine.anatomical_structure
Italy
Maternal Exposure
Regression Analysis
Female
Thyroid function
hormones
hormone substitutes
and hormone antagonists
Iodine
Adult
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty
chemistry.chemical_element
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Thyroid function tests
Internal medicine
Humans
Autoantibodies
Wales
business.industry
Biochemistry (medical)
Health Surveys
Pregnancy Trimester
First
Thyroxine
Cross-Sectional Studies
chemistry
business
Thiocyanates
Zdroj: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 95:3207-3215
ISSN: 1945-7197
0021-972X
Popis: Context: Thyroid hormone, requiring adequate maternal iodine intake, is critical for fetal neurodevelopment. Perchlorate decreases thyroidal iodine uptake by competitively inhibiting the sodium/iodide symporter. It is unclear whether environmental perchlorate exposure adversely affects thyroid function in pregnant women. Thiocyanate, derived from foods and cigarette smoke, is a less potent competitive sodium/iodide symporter inhibitor than perchlorate. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether environmental perchlorate and/or thiocyanate exposure is associated with alterations in thyroid function in pregnancy. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional study at health centers in Cardiff, Wales, and Turin, Italy. Patients: During 2002–2006, 22,000 women at less than 16 wk gestation were enrolled in the Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study. Subsets of 261 hypothyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 526 euthyroid women from Turin and 374 hypothyroid/hypothyroxinemic and 480 euthyroid women from Cardiff were selected based on availability of stored urine samples and thyroid function data. Main Outcome Measures: Urinary iodine, thiocyanate, and perchlorate and serum TSH, free T4 (FT4), and thyroperoxidase antibody were measured. Results: Urinary iodine was low: median 98 μg/liter in Cardiff and 52 μg/liter in Turin. Urine perchlorate was detectable in all women. The median (range) urinary perchlorate concentration was 5 μg/liter (0.04–168 μg/liter) in Turin and 2 μg/liter (0.02–368 μg/liter) in Cardiff. There were no associations between urine perchlorate concentrations and serum TSH or FT4 in the individual euthyroid or hypothyroid/hypothyroxinemic cohorts. In multivariable linear analyses, log perchlorate was not a predictor of serum FT4 or TSH. Conclusions: Low-level perchlorate exposure is ubiquitous but did not affect thyroid function in this cohort of iodine-deficient pregnant women.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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