Ingested non-essential amino acids recruit brain orexin cells to suppress eating in mice
| Autor: | Paulius Viskaitis, Myrtha Arnold, Celia Garau, Lise T. Jensen, Lars Fugger, Daria Peleg-Raibstein, Denis Burdakov |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Mammals
Neurons Orexins amino acids food intake behavior digestive oral and skin physiology Hypothalamus Brain exploration General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Eating Mice Glucose appetite orexin Animals Amino Acids hypocretin hypothalamus diet General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| Zdroj: | Viskaitis, P, Arnold, M, Garau, C, Jensen, L T, Fugger, L, Peleg-Raibstein, D & Burdakov, D 2022, ' Ingested non-essential amino acids recruit brain orexin cells to suppress eating in mice ', Current biology : CB, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1812-1821.e4 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.067 |
| ISSN: | 0960-9822 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.067 |
| Popis: | Ingested nutrients are proposed to control mammalian behavior by modulating the activity of hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin neurons (HONs). Previous in vitro studies showed that nutrients ubiquitous in mammalian diets, such as non-essential amino acids (AAs) and glucose, modulate HONs in distinct ways. Glucose inhibits HONs, whereas non-essential (but not essential) AAs activate HONs. The latter effect is of particular interest because its purpose is unknown. Here, we show that ingestion of a dietary-relevant mix of non-essential AAs activates HONs and shifts behavior from eating to exploration. These effects persisted despite ablation of a key neural gut → brain communication pathway, the cholecystokinin-sensitive vagal afferents. The behavioral shift induced by the ingested non-essential AAs was recapitulated by targeted HON optostimulation and abolished in mice lacking HONs. Furthermore, lick microstructure analysis indicated that intragastric non-essential AAs and HON optostimulation each reduce the size, but not the frequency, of consumption bouts, thus implicating food palatability modulation as a mechanism for the eating suppression. Collectively, these results suggest that a key purpose of HON activation by ingested, non-essential AAs is to suppress eating and re-initiate food seeking. We propose and discuss possible evolutionary advantages of this, such as optimizing the limited stomach capacity for ingestion of essential nutrients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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