The independent and combined effects of respiratory events and cortical arousals on the autonomic nervous system across sleep stages
| Autor: | Xiangmin Zhang, Chunyao Zeng, Yuxi Luo, Jiuxing Liang, Li Ling, He Xiaomin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Neurology Polysomnography Sleep REM 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Autonomic Nervous System 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine Respiration medicine Heart rate variability Humans Respiratory system Pathological Cerebral Cortex Sleep Stages Sleep Apnea Obstructive business.industry Electroencephalography Middle Aged Sleep in non-human animals Autonomic nervous system Otorhinolaryngology Cardiology Neurology (clinical) business Arousal Sleep 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Sleepbreathing = SchlafAtmung. 22(4) |
| ISSN: | 1522-1709 |
| Popis: | During sleep, respiratory events readily modulate the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Whether such modulation is caused by the respiratory event itself or the cortical arousal that follows and whether these influences differ across sleep stages are not clear. Thus, we aimed to study the independent and combined effects of respiratory events and cortical arousals on the ANS across sleep stages. We recruited 22 male patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and analyzed the differences in the indices of heart rate variability among normal respiration (NR), pathological respiratory events without cortical arousals (PR), cortical arousals without respiratory events (CA), and the coexistence of PR and CA (PR&CA), by sleep stage. Compared with NR, four indices of variation of the beat-to-beat interval demonstrated consistent results in all sleep stages generally: PR&CA showed the biggest difference, followed by PR and followed by CA, which exhibited the least difference. Thus, the respiratory event itself affects ANS modulation, but the cortical arousal that follows generally enhances this effect. For low-frequency power and low-frequency/high-frequency power ratio (LF/HF), PR&CA had the greatest impact. For mean beat-to-beat interval and high-frequency power (HFP), the influence of PR, CA, and PR&CA depended on sleep depth. However, PR&CA had a different influence on HFP in N2 stage vs. REM stage. Sleep stage also has an effect on this neuromodulatory mechanism. These findings may help clarify the relationship between SAHS and cardiovascular disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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