Comparing the effects of an acute bout of physical exercise with an acute bout of interactive mental and physical exercise on electrophysiology and executive functioning in younger and older adults
| Autor: | Patrick H. Khader, Julia Dimitrova, Cay Anderson-Hanley, Liam Kilmartin, Richard A. P. Roche, Michael Hogan, Denis O'Hora, Jane C. Walsh |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Aging medicine.medical_specialty Physical exercise Electroencephalography 050105 experimental psychology Body Mass Index 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Physical medicine and rehabilitation Cognition medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Young adult Exercise Aged medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry 05 social sciences Mental health Electrophysiology Stroop Test Female Geriatrics and Gerontology business Body mass index 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Stroop effect |
| Zdroj: | Aging clinical and experimental research. 29(5) |
| ISSN: | 1720-8319 |
| Popis: | Background Physical exercise has been shown to improve cognitive and neural functioning in older adults. Aims and methods The current study compared the effects of an acute bout of physical exercise with a bout of interactive mental and physical exercise (i.e., “exergaming”) on executive (Stroop) task performance and event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes in younger and older adults. Results Results revealed enhanced executive task performance in younger and older adults after exercise, with no differences in performance between exercise conditions. Stroop (RT) performance in older adults improved more than in younger adults from pre- to post-exercise. A significant increase in EEG amplitude from pre- to post-exercise was found at the Cz site from 320 to 700 ms post-stimulus for both younger and older adults, with older adults demonstrating a larger Stroop interference effect. While younger adults exhibited overall greater EEG amplitudes than older adults, they showed no differences between congruent and incongruent trials (i.e., minimal interference). Compared to peers with higher BMI (body mass index), older adults with lower BMI showed a greater reduction in Stroop interference effects from pre- to post-exercise. Discussion and conclusions The beneficial effects of an acute bout of physical exercise on cognitive and neural functioning in younger and older adults were confirmed, with no difference between standard exercise and exergaming. Findings suggest that BMI, sometimes used as a proxy for fitness level, may modulate benefits that older adults derive from an acute bout of exercise. Findings have implications for future research that seeks to investigate unique effects of exergaming when compared to standard physical exercise. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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