Air-Quality Assessment of On-Site Brick-Kiln Worker Housing in Bhaktapur, Nepal: Chemical Speciation of Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 Pollution
| Autor: | Marion J. House, Steven M. Thygerson, Frank X. Weber, James D. Johnston, Kathryn N Andrus, Rilee Smith, Hunter C Burbidge, Ryan Chartier, John D. Beard |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences exposure assessment Kiln Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Air pollution household air pollution lcsh:Medicine 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause complex mixtures 01 natural sciences Toxicology international occupational health medicine Relative humidity Air quality index 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Exposure assessment media_common Pollutant Brick lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health fine particulate matter Environmental science |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 21, p 4114 (2019) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 16 Issue 21 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | Brick workers and their families in Nepal generally live in poorly ventilated on-site housing at the brick kiln, and may be at higher risk for non-occupational exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution and subsequent respiratory diseases due to indoor and outdoor sources. This study characterized non-occupational exposure to PM2.5 by comparing overall concentrations and specific chemical components of PM2.5 inside and outside of brick workers&rsquo on-site housing. For all samples, the geometric mean PM2.5 concentration was 184.65 &mu g/m3 (95% confidence interval: 134.70, 253.12 &mu g/m3). PM2.5 concentrations differed by kiln number (p = 0.009). Kiln number was significantly associated with 16 of 29 (55%) air pollutant, temperature, or relative humidity variables. There was not a significant interaction between kiln number and location of sample for PM2.5 (p = 0.16), but there was for relative humidity (p = 0.02) and temperature (p = 0.01). Results were qualitatively similar when we repeated analyses using indoor samples only. There was no difference in the chemical makeup of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in this study, suggesting that outdoor PM2.5 air pollution easily infiltrates into on-site brick worker housing. Outdoor and indoor PM2.5 concentrations found in this study far exceed recommended levels. These findings warrant future interventions targeted to this vulnerable population. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|