Entropy Generation of Desalination Powered by Variable Temperature Waste Heat
| Autor: | Mistry, Karan Hemant, Chung, Hyung, Warsinger, David Elan Martin, Nayar, Kishor Govind, Lienhard, John H., Chung, Hyung Won |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abdul Latif Jameel World Water & Food Security Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lienhard, John H., Warsinger, David Elan Martin, Mistry, Karan Hemant, Nayar, Kishor Govind, Chung, Hyung Won |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
business.industry
Low-temperature thermal desalination entropy generation General Physics and Astronomy Thermodynamics lcsh:Astrophysics Geothermal desalination waste heat Desalination lcsh:QC1-999 desalination Multiple-effect distillation Waste heat Heat exchanger lcsh:QB460-466 Exergy efficiency Environmental science lcsh:Q Second Law efficiency Process engineering business Reverse osmosis lcsh:Science lcsh:Physics energy efficiency |
| Zdroj: | Entropy Volume 17 Issue 11 Pages 7530-7566 Entropy, Vol 17, Iss 11, Pp 7530-7566 (2015) Prof. Lienhard via Angie Locknar |
| ISSN: | 1099-4300 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/e17117530 |
| Popis: | Powering desalination by waste heat is often proposed to mitigate energy consumption and environmental impact; however, thorough technology comparisons are lacking in the literature. This work numerically models the efficiency of six representative desalination technologies powered by waste heat at 50, 70, 90, and 120 °C, where applicable. Entropy generation and Second Law efficiency analysis are applied for the systems and their components. The technologies considered are thermal desalination by multistage flash (MSF), multiple effect distillation (MED), multistage vacuum membrane distillation (MSVMD), humidification-dehumidification (HDH), and organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) paired with mechanical technologies of reverse osmosis (RO) and mechanical vapor compression (MVC). The most efficient technology was RO, followed by MED. Performances among MSF, MSVMD, and MVC were similar but the relative performance varied with waste heat temperature or system size. Entropy generation in thermal technologies increases at lower waste heat temperatures largely in the feed or brine portions of the various heat exchangers used. This occurs largely because lower temperatures reduce recovery, increasing the relative flow rates of feed and brine. However, HDH (without extractions) had the reverse trend, only being competitive at lower temperatures. For the mechanical technologies, the energy efficiency only varies with temperature because of the significant losses from the ORC. MIT Masdar Program (Reference 02/MI/MI/CP/11/07633/GEN/G/00) Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy at MIT and KFUPM |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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