Purinergic signaling as a basis of acupuncture-induced analgesia
| Autor: | Shu-Guang Yu, Jin-Rong He, Yong Tang, Peter Illes |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
P2Y receptor Adenosine P2Y receptors Stimulation P1/A1 receptors Review Article Inhibitory postsynaptic potential 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Dorsal root ganglion Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn Ganglia Spinal medicine Animals Acupuncture Analgesia Molecular Biology Chemistry P2X receptors Purinergic receptor Receptors Purinergic Acupuncture Cell Biology Purinergic signalling Spinal cord ATP 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Electroacupuncture nervous system Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Purinergic Signalling |
| ISSN: | 1573-9546 1573-9538 |
| Popis: | This review summarizes experimental evidence indicating that purinergic mechanisms are causally involved in acupuncture (AP)-induced analgesia. Electroacupuncture (EAP) and manual AP release at pain-relevant acupoints ATP which may activate purinergic P2X receptors (Rs) especially of the P2X3 type situated at local sensory nerve endings (peripheral terminals of dorsal root ganglion [DRG] neurons); the central processes of these neurons are thought to inhibit via collaterals of ascending dorsal horn spinal cord neurons, pain-relevant pathways projecting to higher centers of the brain. In addition, during AP/EAP non-neuronal P2X4 and/or P2X7Rs localized at microglial cells of the CNS become activated at the spinal or supraspinal levels. In consequence, these microglia secrete bioactive compounds such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen, and nitrogen species, which modulate the ascending neuronal pathways conducting painful stimuli. Alternatively, ATP released at acupoints by AP/EAP may be enzymatically degraded to adenosine, stimulating in loco presynaptic A1Rs exerting an inhibitory influence on the primary afferent fibers (the above mentioned pain-sensing peripheral terminals of DRG neurons) which thereby fail to conduct action potentials to the spinal cord dorsal horn. The net effect of the stimulation of P2X3, P2X4, P2X7, and A1Rs by the AP/EAP-induced release of ATP/adenosine at certain acupoints will be analgesia. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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