Do online applications for free assistive technology devices by individuals with disabilities introduce moral hazard? Evidence from Shanghai, China
| Autor: | Mei Sun, Heqi Sun, Qi Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Rong Jin, Jun Lu, Yu Song, Chengyue Li, Weili Wang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male China Databases Factual Moral hazard Logistic regression Morals 03 medical and health sciences Community center Young Adult Environmental health Assistive technology Per capita Humans Shanghai china Disabled Persons Aged Aged 80 and over Internet Descriptive statistics 030503 health policy & services Health Policy Consumer Behavior Middle Aged Self-Help Devices Test (assessment) Logistic Models Female 0305 other medical science Psychology |
| Zdroj: | The International journal of health planning and managementREFERENCES. 35(4) |
| ISSN: | 1099-1751 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVES To examine whether moral hazard may exist under unsupervised home-based online applications, leading to more assistive technology devices (ATDs) and larger per capita expenditures on ATDs than under supervised community center-based online applications. METHODS Using the data from the Assistive Devices Resource Centre in Shanghai, descriptive statistics were estimated for the sociodemographics of applicants. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to test the effect of the introduction of home-based online applications. RESULTS In 2015-2016, there were marked increases of 22.3% in the total number of ATDs and 27.2% in the total expenditure on ATDs compared with 2013-2014. The per capita number and expenditure also demonstrated an increasing trend. More devices were applied for in 2015-2016 than in 2013-2014, yielding a higher expenditure per capita (P < .001). Interestingly, with an invisible price, more devices were applied for at home than in community centers (P < .001), but the expenditure per capita was smaller (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The introduction of online applications increased the number of ATDs per capita. The home-based applications induced the purchase of more ATDs but not higher expenditures on ATDs. Individuals with disabilities tend to request the maximum number of ATDs allowed by the application rules, which is an indicator of moral hazard. The prices of ATDs were not visible for individuals with disabilities, which may cause individuals to order costlier ATDs when applying at home. Stricter review may be needed to reign in the potential moral hazard among online applicants with disabilities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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