Tracing Carbonate Formation, Serpentinization, and Biological Materials With Micro‐/Meso‐Scale Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy in a Mars Analog System, Samail Ophiolite, Oman
Autor: | Patrick Pinet, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, E. K. Leask, Peter B. Kelemen, Georges Ceuleneer, Y. Daydou |
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Přispěvatelé: | Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Oman hyperspectral imaging [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Astronomy Dolomite Geochemistry Volcanology Mars QB1-991 Environmental Science (miscellaneous) engineering.material 010502 geochemistry & geophysics 01 natural sciences Remote Sensing chemistry.chemical_compound carbonate Ultramafic rock Planetary Sciences: Astrobiology Instruments and Techniques infrared spectroscopy Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets Mineralogy and Petrology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Calcite QE1-996.5 Olivine Mineral Mineral and Crystal Chemistry Hydrothermal Systems and Weathering on Other Planets Geology Prehnite chemistry 13. Climate action [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDE]Environmental Sciences engineering General Earth and Planetary Sciences Carbonate serpentine Field Relationships Research Article Magnesite |
Zdroj: | Earth and Space Science, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) Earth and Space Science Earth and Space Science, American Geophysical Union/Wiley, 2021, 8 (11), ⟨10.1029/2021EA001637⟩ Earth and Space Science, 2021, 8 (11), ⟨10.1029/2021EA001637⟩ Earth and Space Science (Hoboken, N.j.) |
ISSN: | 2333-5084 |
DOI: | 10.1029/2021EA001637⟩ |
Popis: | Visible‐shortwave infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectrometers map composition remotely with spatial context, typically at many meters‐scale from orbital and airborne data. Here, we evaluate VSWIR imaging spectroscopy capabilities at centimeters to sub‐millimeter scale at the Samail Ophiolite, Oman, where mafic and ultramafic lithologies and their alteration products, including serpentine and carbonates, are exposed in a semi‐arid environment, analogous to similar mineral associations observed from Mars orbit that will be explored by the Mars‐2020 rover. At outcrop and hand specimen scales, VSWIR spectroscopy (a) identifies cross‐cutting veins of calcite, dolomite, magnesite, serpentine, and chlorite that record pathways and time‐order of multiple alteration events of changing fluid composition; (b) detects small‐scale, partially altered remnant pyroxenes and localized epidote and prehnite that indicate protolith composition and temperatures and pressures of multiple generations of faulting and alteration, respectively; and (c) discriminates between spectrally similar carbonate and serpentine phases and carbonate solid solutions. In natural magnesite veins, minor amounts of ferrous iron can appear similar to olivine's strong 1‐μm absorption, though no olivine is present. We also find that mineral identification for carbonate and serpentine in mixtures with each other is strongly scale‐ and texture‐dependent; ∼40 area% dolomite in mm‐scale veins at one serpentinite outcrop and ∼18 area% serpentine in a calcite‐rich travertine outcrop are not discriminated until spatial scales of 1 μm are required to identify most organic materials and distinguish most mineral phases. Key Points Meso‐to micro‐scale imaging spectroscopy identifies and maps carbonates, serpentine, and other hydrothermal phases in the Oman ophiolitePigmentation from multiple types of biological materials including mats in travertine springs are distinguished even in shallow watersDetection thresholds of carbonate and serpentine when mixed can be >20area%, which has implications for interpretation of planetary data |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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