Tracing Carbonate Formation, Serpentinization, and Biological Materials With Micro‐/Meso‐Scale Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy in a Mars Analog System, Samail Ophiolite, Oman

Autor: Patrick Pinet, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, E. K. Leask, Peter B. Kelemen, Georges Ceuleneer, Y. Daydou
Přispěvatelé: Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Oman
hyperspectral imaging
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Astronomy
Dolomite
Geochemistry
Volcanology
Mars
QB1-991
Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
engineering.material
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
Remote Sensing
chemistry.chemical_compound
carbonate
Ultramafic rock
Planetary Sciences: Astrobiology
Instruments and Techniques
infrared spectroscopy
Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets
Mineralogy and Petrology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Calcite
QE1-996.5
Olivine
Mineral
Mineral and Crystal Chemistry
Hydrothermal Systems and Weathering on Other Planets
Geology
Prehnite
chemistry
13. Climate action
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
engineering
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Carbonate
serpentine
Field Relationships
Research Article
Magnesite
Zdroj: Earth and Space Science, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
Earth and Space Science
Earth and Space Science, American Geophysical Union/Wiley, 2021, 8 (11), ⟨10.1029/2021EA001637⟩
Earth and Space Science, 2021, 8 (11), ⟨10.1029/2021EA001637⟩
Earth and Space Science (Hoboken, N.j.)
ISSN: 2333-5084
DOI: 10.1029/2021EA001637⟩
Popis: Visible‐shortwave infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectrometers map composition remotely with spatial context, typically at many meters‐scale from orbital and airborne data. Here, we evaluate VSWIR imaging spectroscopy capabilities at centimeters to sub‐millimeter scale at the Samail Ophiolite, Oman, where mafic and ultramafic lithologies and their alteration products, including serpentine and carbonates, are exposed in a semi‐arid environment, analogous to similar mineral associations observed from Mars orbit that will be explored by the Mars‐2020 rover. At outcrop and hand specimen scales, VSWIR spectroscopy (a) identifies cross‐cutting veins of calcite, dolomite, magnesite, serpentine, and chlorite that record pathways and time‐order of multiple alteration events of changing fluid composition; (b) detects small‐scale, partially altered remnant pyroxenes and localized epidote and prehnite that indicate protolith composition and temperatures and pressures of multiple generations of faulting and alteration, respectively; and (c) discriminates between spectrally similar carbonate and serpentine phases and carbonate solid solutions. In natural magnesite veins, minor amounts of ferrous iron can appear similar to olivine's strong 1‐μm absorption, though no olivine is present. We also find that mineral identification for carbonate and serpentine in mixtures with each other is strongly scale‐ and texture‐dependent; ∼40 area% dolomite in mm‐scale veins at one serpentinite outcrop and ∼18 area% serpentine in a calcite‐rich travertine outcrop are not discriminated until spatial scales of 1 μm are required to identify most organic materials and distinguish most mineral phases.
Key Points Meso‐to micro‐scale imaging spectroscopy identifies and maps carbonates, serpentine, and other hydrothermal phases in the Oman ophiolitePigmentation from multiple types of biological materials including mats in travertine springs are distinguished even in shallow watersDetection thresholds of carbonate and serpentine when mixed can be >20area%, which has implications for interpretation of planetary data
Databáze: OpenAIRE