Association of Exposure to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Radiation (RF-EMFR) Generated by Mobile Phone Base Stations with Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
| Autor: | Sultan Ayoub Meo, Yazeed AlQasem, Hisham Almutawa, Yazeed Alsubaie, Rana Hasanato, Zaid Almubarak |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Reply HbA1c Adolescent Radio Waves Cross-sectional study Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis education Saudi Arabia lcsh:Medicine Article mobile phone radiation chemistry.chemical_compound Electromagnetic Fields Mobile phone radiation and health Diabetes mellitus mobile phone base station Humans Medicine RF-EMFR Child Glycated Hemoglobin business.industry Incidence lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Environmental Exposure Environmental exposure medicine.disease Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 chemistry Mobile phone Female Glycated hemoglobin Radio frequency hyperglycemia business Biomarkers Cell Phone Demography |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 12 Issue 11 Pages 14519-14528 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 12, Iss 11, Pp 14519-14528 (2015) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph121114519 |
| Popis: | Installation of mobile phone base stations in residential areas has initiated public debate about possible adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to determine the association of exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation (RF-EMFR) generated by mobile phone base stations with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. For this study, two different elementary schools (school-1 and school-2) were selected. We recruited 159 students in total 96 male students from school-1, with age range 12–16 years, and 63 male students with age range 12–17 years from school-2. Mobile phone base stations with towers existed about 200 m away from the school buildings. RF-EMFR was measured inside both schools. In school-1, RF-EMFR was 9.601 nW/cm2 at frequency of 925 MHz, and students had been exposed to RF-EMFR for a duration of 6 h daily, five days in a week. In school-2, RF-EMFR was 1.909 nW/cm2 at frequency of 925 MHz and students had been exposed for 6 h daily, five days in a week. 5–6 mL blood was collected from all the students and HbA1c was measured by using a Dimension Xpand Plus Integrated Chemistry System, Siemens. The mean HbA1c for the students who were exposed to high RF-EMFR was significantly higher (5.44 ± 0.22) than the mean HbA1c for the students who were exposed to low RF-EMFR (5.32 ± 0.34) (p = 0.007). Moreover, students who were exposed to high RF-EMFR generated by MPBS had a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.016) relative to their counterparts who were exposed to low RF-EMFR. It is concluded that exposure to high RF-EMFR generated by MPBS is associated with elevated levels of HbA1c and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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