Effect of the glycemic index of the diet on weight loss, modulation of satiety, inflammation, and other metabolic risk factors: A randomized controlled trial
| Autor: | Núria Ibarrola-Jurado, Antoni Rabassa-Soler, Andrés Díaz-López, Martí Juanola-Falgarona, Pablo Hernández-Alonso, Rafael Balanza, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Mònica Bulló, Jordi Salas-Salvadó |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili. |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Blood Glucose Male medicine.medical_specialty Hunger Medicine (miscellaneous) Blood Pressure Type 2 diabetes Motor Activity Satiation Overweight Body Mass Index law.invention Insulin resistance Randomized controlled trial Risk Factors law Weight loss Internal medicine Weight Loss Dietary Carbohydrates medicine Humans Insulin Obesity Diet Fat-Restricted Inflammation Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Cholesterol HDL Cholesterol LDL Middle Aged medicine.disease Dietary Fats Nutrition Assessment Glycemic index Endocrinology Glycemic Index Homeostatic model assessment Female Dietary Proteins Insulin Resistance medicine.symptom Energy Intake business Body mass index Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Repositori Institucional de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND Low-glycemic index (GI) diets have been proven to have beneficial effects in such chronic conditions as type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and some types of cancer, but the effect of low-GI diets on weight loss, satiety, and inflammation is still controversial. OBJECTIVE We assessed the efficacy of 2 moderate-carbohydrate diets and a low-fat diet with different GIs on weight loss and the modulation of satiety, inflammation, and other metabolic risk markers. DESIGN The GLYNDIET study is a 6-mo randomized, parallel, controlled clinical trial conducted in 122 overweight and obese adults. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the following 3 isocaloric energy-restricted diets for 6 mo: 1) a moderate-carbohydrate and high-GI diet (HGI), 2) a moderate-carbohydrate and low-GI diet (LGI), and 3) a low-fat and high-GI diet (LF). RESULTS At weeks 16 and 20 and the end of the intervention, changes in body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) differed significantly between intervention groups. Reductions in BMI were greater in the LGI group than in the LF group, whereas in the HGI group, reductions in BMI did not differ significantly from those in the other 2 groups (LGI: -2.45 ± 0.27; HGI: -2.30 ± 0.27; LF: -1.43 ± 0.27; F = 4.616, P = 0.012; pairwise comparisons: LGI compared with HGI, P = 1.000; LGI compared with LF, P = 0.016; HGI compared with LF, P = 0.061). The decrease in fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and homeostatic model assessment of β cell function was also significantly greater in the LGI group than in the LF group (P < 0.05). Despite this tendency for a greater improvement with a low-GI diet, the 3 intervention groups were not observed to have different effects on hunger, satiety, lipid profiles, or other inflammatory and metabolic risk markers. CONCLUSION A low-GI and energy-restricted diet containing moderate amounts of carbohydrates may be more effective than a high-GI and low-fat diet at reducing body weight and controlling glucose and insulin metabolism. This trial was registered at Current Controlled Trials (www.controlled-trials.com) as ISRCTN54971867. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|