The geometry of passivity for quantum systems and a novel elementary derivation of the Gibbs state
| Autor: | Thomas Hebdige, Nikolaos Koukoulekidis, Rhea Alexander, David Jennings |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
Computer science Thermodynamic equilibrium Physics Multidisciplinary Passivity FOS: Physical sciences Gibbs state Computer Science::Digital Libraries 01 natural sciences Measure (mathematics) 010305 fluids & plasmas 0103 physical sciences Quantum system Statistical physics 010306 general physics Quantum Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics Quantum Physics Science & Technology Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) Quantum Science & Technology Plane (geometry) Physics State (functional analysis) Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics lcsh:QC1-999 Physical Sciences Computer Science::Mathematical Software Quantum Physics (quant-ph) lcsh:Physics |
| Zdroj: | Quantum, Vol 5, p 411 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2521-327X |
| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.1912.07968 |
| Popis: | Passivity is a fundamental concept that constitutes a necessary condition for any quantum system to attain thermodynamic equilibrium, and for a notion of temperature to emerge. While extensive work has been done that exploits this, the transition from passivity at a single-shot level to the completely passive Gibbs state is technically clear but lacks a good over-arching intuition. Here, we re-formulate passivity for quantum systems in purely geometric terms. This description makes the emergence of the Gibbs state from passive states entirely transparent. Beyond clarifying existing results, it also provides novel analysis for non-equilibrium quantum systems. We show that, to every passive state, one can associate a simple convex shape in a 2-dimensional plane, and that the area of this shape measures the degree to which the system deviates from the manifold of equilibrium states. This provides a novel geometric measure of athermality with relations to both ergotropy and $\beta$-athermality. Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures. Minor changes to formatting. Publication version |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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