The Tat Protein of HIV-1 Prevents the Loss of HSV-Specific Memory Adaptive Responses and Favors the Control of Viral Reactivation
| Autor: | Peggy Marconi, Francesco Nicoli, Mariaconcetta Sicurella, Barbara Ensoli, Salvatore Pacifico, Riccardo Gavioli, Antonella Caputo, Eleonora Gallerani, Aurelio Cafaro |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_treatment viruses Immunology lcsh:Medicine HSL and HSV HSV-1 infection medicine.disease_cause Immunoglobulin G NO 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine HSV-1 immune responses Drug Discovery Medicine Pharmacology (medical) 030212 general & internal medicine Pharmacology biology business.industry Communication Therapeutic effect biologically active HIV-1 Tat protein persistence of HSV-immune memory lcsh:R Antibody titer Acquired immune system 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Herpes simplex virus biology.protein business Adjuvant CD8 |
| Zdroj: | Vaccines, Vol 8, Iss 274, p 274 (2020) Vaccines |
| Popis: | The development of therapeutic strategies to control the reactivation of the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is an unaddressed priority. In this study, we evaluated whether Tat, a HIV-1 protein displaying adjuvant functions, could improve previously established HSV-specific memory responses and prevent viral reactivation. To this aim, mice were infected with non-lethal doses of HSV-1 and, 44 days later, injected or not with Tat. Mice were then monitored to check their health status and measure memory HSV-specific cellular and humoral responses. The appearance of symptoms associated with HSV-reactivation was observed at significantly higher frequencies in the control group than in the Tat-treated mice. In addition, the control animals experienced a time-dependent decrease in HSV-specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), while the Tat-treated mice maintained antibody titers over time. IgG levels were directly correlated with the number of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells, suggesting an effect of Tat on both arms of the adaptive immunity. Consistent with the maintenance of HSV-specific immune memory, Tat-treated mice showed a better control of HSV-1 re-infection. Although further studies are necessary to assess whether similar effects are observed in other models, these results indicate that Tat exerts a therapeutic effect against latent HSV-1 infection and re-infection by favoring the maintenance of adaptive immunity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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