Nano-cerium vanadate: a novel inorganic ion exchanger for removal of americium and uranium from simulated aqueous nuclear waste
| Autor: | S. C. Tripathi, P.M. Gandhi, Avesh K. Tyagi, Vinita Grover, Nilesh L. Dudwadkar, Chayan Banerjee, Chetan P. Kaushik |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Water Pollutants
Radioactive Environmental Engineering Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Metal ions in aqueous solution Inorganic chemistry chemistry.chemical_element Americium Inorganic ions Microscopy Electron Transmission X-Ray Diffraction Zeta potential Environmental Chemistry Vanadate Waste Management and Disposal Aqueous solution Cerium Pollution Kinetics chemistry Ionic strength Nanoparticles Uranium Adsorption Vanadates Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Journal of hazardous materials. 280 |
| ISSN: | 1873-3336 |
| Popis: | Cerium vanadate nanopowders were synthesized by a facile low temperature co-precipitation method. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and found to consist of ∼25 nm spherical nanoparticles. The efficiency of these nanopowders for uptake of alpha-emitting radionuclides (233)U (4.82 MeV α) and (241)Am (5.49 MeV α, 60 keV γ) has been investigated. Thermodynamically and kinetically favorable uptake of these radionuclides resulted in their complete removal within 3h from aqueous acidic feed solutions. The uptake capacity was observed to increase with increase in pH as the zeta potential value decreased with the increase in pH but effect of ionic strength was insignificant. Little influence of the ions like Sr(2+), Ru(3+), Fe(3+), etc., in the uptake process indicated CeVO4 nanopowders to be amenable for practical applications. The isotherms indicated predominant uptake of the radioactive metal ions in the solid phase of the exchanger at lower feed concentrations and linear Kielland plots with positive slopes indicated favorable exchange of the metal ions with the nanopowder. Performance comparison with the other sorbents reported indicated excellent potential of nano-cerium vanadate for removing americium and uranium from large volumes of aqueous acidic solutions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect