In the footsteps of one undefended dissertation - aspects of the assortment of woody plants for Lithuanian green aeras and the basics of architectural dendrology. Analysis of the scientific insights of dendrologist Leonas Čibiras
| Autor: | Steponas Deveikis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | litevština |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Darnios aplinkos vystymas [Sustainable environmental development]. 2022, 1, 19, p. 54-67. |
| ISSN: | 2538-9017 2538-9025 |
| Popis: | Straipsnyje pristatomos ir nagrinėjamos dendrologo Leono Čibiro (1921–1992) mokslinės įžvalgos, teiktos jo publikacijose ir moksliniame pranešime biologijos moksliniam laipsniui gauti. Jo idėjos ir architektūrinės dendrologijos tradicijos plėtotė puikiai iliustruoja kraštovaizdžio architektūros ir želdynų formavimo raidą Lietuvoje. Straipsnyje akcentuojami kraštovaizdžio architektūros, kraštovaizdžio formavimo ir urbanistinio planavimo aspektai, plati dendrologo mokslinė ir metodinė veikla, kuri buvo ir išlieka reikšminga ir novatoriška tolesnei Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio architektūros raidai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Leonas Čibiras, kraštovaizdžio architektūra, augalų asortimentai, želdynai. The works and scientific insights of dendrologist Leonas Čibiras (1921–1992) perfectly illustrates the development of landscape architecture and green areas formation, and architectural arboriculture tradition development in Lithuania. The article emphasizes the aspects of landscape architecture and urban planning, and the dendrological extensive scientific and methodological activities, which were and remain as significant and innovative for the further development of Lithuanian landscape architecture. Leonas Čibiras was born in 1921 at Švenčionys–Ignalina region. He is a graduate of Faculty of Forestry at the Vilnius University in 1947. Since 1951, L. Čibiras has been engaged in scientific activities. He was actively involved in the theme of geobotanical, dendrological research; at the same time, he taught dendrology to students at the Lithuanian Academy of Agriculture in Kaunas. Later, since 1960, he worked in the State Committee for Construction and Architecture, in the Lithuanian Ministry of Road Transport, and in 1967–1973 in the Vilnius branch of the Institute of Technical Aesthetics. During that period, dendrologist L. Čibiras actively prepared lists (assortments or selectors) of woody plants used in Lithuanian greenery. In 1971, he together with Dr. Konstantinas Jakovlevas-Mateckis published the famous book Greenery in the Areas of Light Industry. This was a new format guide to selecting of woody plants for greenery, a significant step in applied or architectural dendrology. In 1970 L. Čibiras presented a Summary of the Study of Lithuanian Woody Plants. Our article extensively analyses this work. According to L. Čibiras, in order to preserve the formed nature of the Lithuanian landscape, it is expedient to use the species forming forest stands as the main or basic species of greenery in the natural and urban landscape. The use and application of other woody autochthons (local plants) in green areas and greenery must be more moderate. The plants not only adorn. Their primary assignment is to create natural and comfortable spaces for people to live and to have rest. Some of the plants are used to provide shelter and screening from wind, dust, noise some of them adorn the inner space. According to their suitability to the specific environment the species of the plants are divided into the basic and secondary ones. The basic spaces are those, which distinctly predominate over other plants in numbers and have decisive influence on the nature of any regulated space.. Lists of recommendations for the basic plants and the secondary plants can be helpful to landscape architects in solving the designing task. The local plant species are better adapted to the environment and their appearance imparts distinctive traditional features to the landscape. Secondary species should be considered as the important trees and shrubs, which tolerate the unfavourable urban circumstances, which well adapt themselves to the natural conditions of our country. L. Čibiras summarizes a significant dendrological experience that remains relevant to this day, when the supply of nursery products is global. The plant lists (the selectors) must help you choose the right plants for the right place. Landscape architects and urban landscaping professionals need to take climate change predictions into account in their decisions, as trees (and shrubs) are long-lasting elements that shape the landscape. Key words: Leonas Čibiras, landscape architecture, plant selectors, green areas |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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