Molecular and Supramolecular Structure of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System: Implications for Pathology
| Autor: | Vittoria Ventrella, Cristina Algieri, Giorgio Lenaz, Fabiana Trombetti, Alessandra Pagliarani, Gaia Tioli, Salvatore Nesci |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Nesci, Salvatore, Trombetti, Fabiana, Pagliarani, Alessandra, Ventrella, Vittoria, Algieri, Cristina, Tioli, Gaia, Lenaz, Giorgio |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cell signaling
Bioenergetics oxidative phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation Review Mitochondrion medicine.disease_cause General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology mitochondrial dysfunction medicine cristae Inner mitochondrial membrane lcsh:Science Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics ATP synthase/hydrolase ATP synthase biology Chemistry mitochondrial permeability transition pore Paleontology ROS respiratory supercomplexes Cell biology respiratory supercomplexe Mitochondrial permeability transition pore Space and Planetary Science biology.protein lcsh:Q cellular signaling Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Life, Vol 11, Iss 242, p 242 (2021) Life |
| ISSN: | 2075-1729 |
| Popis: | Under aerobic conditions, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) converts the energy released by nutrient oxidation into ATP, the currency of living organisms. The whole biochemical machinery is hosted by the inner mitochondrial membrane (mtIM) where the protonmotive force built by respiratory complexes, dynamically assembled as super-complexes, allows the F1FO-ATP synthase to make ATP from ADP + Pi. Recently mitochondria emerged not only as cell powerhouses, but also as signaling hubs by way of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, when ROS removal systems and/or OXPHOS constituents are defective, the physiological ROS generation can cause ROS imbalance and oxidative stress, which in turn damages cell components. Moreover, the morphology of mitochondria rules cell fate and the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the mtIM, which, most likely with the F1FO-ATP synthase contribution, permeabilizes mitochondria and leads to cell death. As the multiple mitochondrial functions are mutually interconnected, changes in protein composition by mutations or in supercomplex assembly and/or in membrane structures often generate a dysfunctional cascade and lead to life-incompatible diseases or severe syndromes. The known structural/functional changes in mitochondrial proteins and structures, which impact mitochondrial bioenergetics because of an impaired or defective energy transduction system, here reviewed, constitute the main biochemical damage in a variety of genetic and age-related diseases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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