Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere
| Autor: | Inger K. Damon, Mang Shi, Nadia F. Gallardo-Romero, Daniel G. Streicker, Verónica Gutiérrez-Cedillo, Andres Velasco-Villa, Luis E. Escobar, Fernando Vargas-Pino, Ginny L. Emerson, Anthony Sanchez |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine Rabies International Cooperation 030231 tropical medicine Population Wildlife Animals Wild History 21st Century Article Herd immunity Disease Outbreaks 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Dogs Public health surveillance Virology medicine Animals Humans Public Health Surveillance Dog Diseases Disease Eradication Socioeconomics Rabies transmission education Pharmacology education.field_of_study Geography business.industry Ownership Vaccination Central America Pets History 20th Century medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Latin America Rabies Vaccines Rabies virus business |
| Zdroj: | Antiviral research |
| ISSN: | 1872-9096 0166-3542 |
| Popis: | Almost all cases of human rabies result from dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority. During recent decades, many countries in the Western Hemisphere have carried out large-scale dog vaccination campaigns, controlled their free-ranging dog populations and enforced legislation for responsible pet ownership. This article reviews progress in eliminating canine rabies from the Western Hemisphere. After briefly summarizing the history of control efforts and describing the approaches listed above, we note that programs in some countries have been hindered by societal attitudes and severe economic disparities, which underlines the need to discuss measures that will be required to complete the elimination of canine rabies throughout the region. We also note that there is a constant threat for dog-maintained epizootics to re-occur, so as long as dog-maintained rabies "hot spots" are still present, free-roaming dog populations remain large, herd immunity becomes low and dog-derived rabies lyssavirus (RABLV) variants continue to circulate in close proximity to rabies-naive dog populations. The elimination of dog-maintained rabies will be only feasible if both dog-maintained and dog-derived RABLV lineages and variants are permanently eliminated. This may be possible by keeping dog herd immunity above 70% at all times, fostering sustained laboratory-based surveillance through reliable rabies diagnosis and RABLV genetic typing in dogs, domestic animals and wildlife, as well as continuing to educate the population on the risk of rabies transmission, prevention and responsible pet ownership. Complete elimination of canine rabies requires permanent funding, with governments and people committed to make it a reality. An accompanying article reviews the history and epidemiology of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere, beginning with its introduction during the period of European colonization, and discusses how spillovers of viruses between dogs and various wild carnivores will affect future eradication efforts (Velasco-Villa et al., 2017). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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