Variation in winter site fidelity within and among individuals influences movement behavior in a partially migratory ungulate
| Autor: | Lincoln S. Parrett, Alexander K. Prichard, Brian T. Person, Timothy J. Fullman |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Economics
Social Sciences Psychology Telemetry media_common Mammals education.field_of_study Human Capital Multidisciplinary biology Animal Behavior Geography Ecology Eukaryota Ruminants Spring Vertebrates Medicine Female Seasons Economics of Migration Research Article Reindeer Ungulate Science media_common.quotation_subject Movement Population Fidelity Human Geography Rangifer tarandus granti Animals education Ecosystem Behavior Winter Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Circumpolar star biology.organism_classification Arctic Amniotes Herd Earth Sciences Human Mobility Spatial variability Animal Migration Zoology Alaska |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0258128 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Many animals migrate to take advantage of temporal and spatial variability in resources. These benefits are offset with costs like increased energetic expenditure and travel through unfamiliar areas. Differences in the cost-benefit ratio for individuals may lead to partial migration with one portion of a population migrating while another does not. We investigated migration dynamics and winter site fidelity for a long-distance partial migrant, barren ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) of the Teshekpuk Caribou Herd in northern Alaska. We used GPS telemetry for 76 female caribou over 164 annual movement trajectories to identify timing and location of migration and winter use, proportion of migrants, and fidelity to different herd wintering areas. We found within-individual variation in movement behavior and wintering area use by the Teshekpuk Caribou Herd, adding caribou to the growing list of ungulates that can exhibit migratory plasticity. Using a first passage time–net squared displacement approach, we classified 78.7% of annual movement paths as migration, 11.6% as residency, and 9.8% as another strategy. Timing and distance of migration varied by season and wintering area. Duration of migration was longer for fall migration than for spring, which may relate to the latter featuring more directed movement. Caribou utilized four wintering areas, with multiple areas used each year. This variation occurred not just among different individuals, but state sequence analyses indicated low fidelity of individuals to wintering areas among years. Variability in movement behavior can have fitness consequences. As caribou face the pressures of a rapidly warming Arctic and ongoing human development and activities, further research is needed to investigate what factors influence this diversity of behaviors in Alaska and across the circumpolar Arctic. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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