Fatalities from Firearm-Related Injuries in Selected Governorates of Iraq, 2010-2013
| Autor: | Lauren B Browne, Abdul-Salam Saleh Sultan, Maximilian P Nerlander, Ahmed Hassan, Syed Jaffar Hussain, Eva Leidman, Oleg O. Bilukha |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Firearms medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Poison control Violence Emergency Nursing Suicide prevention Article Occupational safety and health Coroner Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Sex Factors 0302 clinical medicine Epidemiology Injury prevention Case fatality rate medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Child business.industry Public health Age Factors 030208 emergency & critical care medicine Population Surveillance Law Iraq Emergency Medicine Female Wounds Gunshot business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 32:548-555 |
| ISSN: | 1945-1938 1049-023X |
| DOI: | 10.1017/s1049023x17006495 |
| Popis: | BackgroundIn Iraq, where Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and other groups have contributed to escalating violence in recent years, understanding the epidemiology of intentional firearm-related fatalities is essential for public health action.MethodsThe Iraqi Ministry of Health (MoH; Baghdad, Iraq) compiles surveillance of fatal injuries in eight of Iraq’s 18 governorates (Baghdad, Al-Anbar, Basrah, Erbil, Kerbala, Maysan, Ninevah, and Al-Sulaimaniya). Information is collected from coroner’s reports and interviews with family members. Analysis was performed on intentional firearm-related injuries, excluding injuries from intentional self-harm or negligent discharges, that occurred during 2010-2013, a subset of all fatal injuries, and compared to previously published explosive-related fatalities.ResultsOverall, the dataset included 7,985 firearm-related fatalities. Yearly fatalities were: 2010=1,706; 2011=1,642; 2012=1,662; and 2013=2,975. Among fatalities, 86.0% were men and 13.7% women; 83.4% were adults and 6.2% children ConclusionsFirearm-related fatalities remained relatively stable throughout 2010-2012, and almost doubled in 2013, correlating with increased ISIS activity. Three governorates contributed the majority of fatalities and experienced the highest fatality rates; these saw high levels of conflict. Firearm-related fatalities disproportionately affected younger men, who historically are over-represented as victims and perpetrators of violence. More than one-half of fatalities occurred in the street, indicating this as a common environment for conflict involving firearms. Firearms appear to account for more fatalities in Iraq than explosives and largely accounted for escalating violence in Baghdad during the study period. The high ratio observed outside the high-burden governorates is reflective of very low numbers of explosives-related fatalities; thus, violence in these governorates is likely non-conflict-related. These observations provide valuable public health information for targeted intervention to prevent violence.NerlanderMP,LeidmanE,HassanA,SultanASS,HussainSJ,BrowneLB,BilukhaOO.Fatalities from firearm-related injuries in selected governorates of Iraq, 2010-2013.Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(5):548–555. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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