A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit

Autor: C. T. Y. Chung, Alberto Vecchio, L. Prokhorov, Will M. Farr, G. McIntyre, N. D. Smith, J. Garcia, A. Effler, Andreas Freise, Leo Singer, M. Pickenpack, Alireza Marandi, Kipp Cannon, A. S. Sengupta, R. S. Ottens, Y. Wan, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, Matthew Pitkin, B. Hughey, R. Wooley, Henning Kaufer, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. R. Leong, A. M. Sergeev, M. A. Arain, J. Soto, M. Frei, H. Ryll, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, Gregory M. Harry, S. Kandhasamy, D. Barker, S. Roddy, Xuan Wang, P. Aufmuth, P. Shawhan, Lee Samuel Finn, Alessandra Corsi, Jonah Kanner, T. Reed, A. Stochino, V. P. Mitrofanov, D. Ugolini, T. D. Abbott, O. Puncken, J. C. Dumas, S. Sankar, M. A. Barton, Lei Zhang, Carl L. Rodriguez, P. Charlton, L. Wallace, R. Frey, P. J. King, B. Shapiro, A. G. Wiseman, Rana X. Adhikari, Alessandra Buonanno, D. C. Coyne, K. Izumi, Albert Lazzarini, Sascha Husa, Robert Stone, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, E. J. Daw, Stefan Goßler, D.B. DeBra, J. Luan, H. Yamamoto, B. Machenschalk, M. C. Araya, Boris Hage, Virginio Sannibale, Marco Aurelio Diaz, David E. McClelland, Takao Mori, F. Donovan, I. Gholami, A. Perreca, I. A. Bilenko, D. Moraru, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, B. Rankins, Joshua Yablon, C. Wilkinson, P. Thomas, A. E. Villar, Albrecht Rüdiger, M. Lormand, C. Bogan, David J. Ottaway, M. Prijatelj, Ruxandra Bondarescu, G. Mendell, Fabio Postiglione, Christian D. Ott, D. Yeaton-Massey, K. A. Thorne, H. Radkins, A. Singer, B. J. J. Slagmolen, V. Raymond, J. N. Marx, P. T. Baker, Nergis Mavalvala, László Á. Gergely, Namjun Kim, Norman Gray, H. S. Cho, N. A. Lockerbie, J. Birch, D. J. Hosken, C. Messenger, P. J. Veitch, Jerome Degallaix, Riccardo Bassiri, J. M. Berliner, David H. Shoemaker, C. Osthelder, C. Graef, Erik Katsavounidis, Ryan DeRosa, J. G. Rollins, R. Engel, Salvatore Vitale, Karel E. Urbanek, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, E. Maros, S. E. Dwyer, V. Kondrashov, N. A. Robertson, Lutz Winkelmann, R. DeSalvo, David Coward, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, Holger J. Pletsch, Fiona C. Speirits, Theodore S. Hong, Stephan Schlamminger, G. Mazzolo, Sunil Susmithan, Vladimir Dergachev, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. J. Lubinski, M. Cordier, Ping Koy Lam, P. Leaci, D. Nolting, W. Z. Korth, Bernard F. Whiting, John Veitch, C. Titsler, M. T. Hartman, C. Lawrie, K. Evans, J. C. Batch, K. A. Hodge, Suvadeep Bose, H. Fehrmann, David Jones, D. Hammer, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, A. S. Stroeer, M. MacInnis, R. S. Amin, J. M. Hallam, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, Anton B. Ivanov, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, Kris Ryan, Zhihui Du, P. Raffai, J. H. Clayton, Z. Márka, H. Wittel, L. Sancho De La Jordana, Matthew Heintze, Marco Cavaglia, Patrick J. Sutton, C. R. Ramet, J. S. Kissel, Rajesh Kumar, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Bastarrika, J. Hanks, Badri Krishnan, S. R. P. Mohapatra, J. C. Driggers, F. J. Raab, T. Huynh-Dinh, V. Necula, Peter Kalmus, Z. Frei, M. Edwards, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, Katrin Dahl, R. Bork, Ranjan Gupta, Fumiko Kawazoe, Huan Yang, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, Alexander Wanner, Rahul Biswas, Koji Arai, Chang-Hwan Lee, B. Moe, A. W. Heptonstall, Peter R. Saulson, I. Santiago-Prieto, Vladimir B. Braginsky, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, N. Fotopoulos, R. Geng, V. V. Frolov, Matthew P. Edgar, K. Tseng, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, Jesper Munch, S. Chung, J. Betzwieser, Roger Jones, M. E. Zweizig, R. Abbott, Samuel J. Waldman, Vicky Kalogera, Larry R. Price, G. S. Allen, Susan M. Scott, E. Chalkley, S. Dorsher, O. Miyakawa, Jan Hendrik Pöld, John Miller, Jordan Camp, Zoltán Keresztes, M. Rodruck, Slawomir Gras, B. Behnke, M. Weinert, C. Torres, P. G. Murray, J. Heefner, R. Grosso, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, M. Flanigan, Teviet Creighton, D. Feldbaum, V. Kringel, J. H. Hough, T. Meier, Ronny Nawrodt, A. Brummitt, K. Kawabe, M. Britzger, R. G. Oldenburg, N. Beveridge, Hyun Kyung Kim, S. M. Aston, Douglas R. Cook, S. B. Anderson, John Worden, J. E. Brau, Michele Zanolin, P. Kwee, C. L. Mueller, Walter Winkler, Ruslan Vaulin, Ravi Kumar Kopparapu, Chad Hanna, Michael W. Coughlin, M. Mageswaran, Zhenyu Zhang, G. D. Hammond, B. Lantz, Stanislav Babak, A. S. Markosyan, Michele Vallisneri, David B. Tanner, Harald Lück, B. E. Aylott, R. Conte, Yaohui Fan, Ik Siong Heng, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, S. Steplewski, C. Affeldt, Emma L. Robinson, R. Dannenberg, M. Sung, A. M. Cruise, Evan Ochsner, Duncan A. Brown, Paul Fulda, Zhentian Wang, John Nelson, S. C. McGuire, D. J. A. McKechan, M. Pedraza, R. Taylor, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, Jöran Bauchrowitz, H. J. Jang, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, S. Márka, A. J. Weinstein, Larne Pekowsky, Matthew Evans, K. Haughian, Maria Alessandra Papa, R. M. S. Schofield, Matthew Benacquista, G. R. Skelton, T. Dent, D. Amariutei, Ilya Mandel, E. Macdonald, Vuk Mandic, Kenneth A. Strain, Benjamin J. Owen, Kazuhiro Hayama, Daniel Friedrich, T. P. Bodiya, R. Inta, S. Klimenko, B. K. Kim, Andrew Lundgren, M. Landry, Martin Hendry, T. Etzel, H. P. Daveloza, S. Privitera, P. Barriga, S. Penn, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, D. Talukder, C. Pankow, I. W. Harry, Subramanian Krishnamurthy, J. A. Giaime, Evan Goetz, Andre Thüring, Seiji Kawamura, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, Richard A. Matzner, Y. M. Kim, C. Aulbert, C. M. Reed, T. Ha, Scott Koranda, Eric Oelker, Yi Pan, Reinhard Prix, Elizabeth Harstad, L. Matone, J. Slutsky, Imre Bartos, K. Redwine, S. Wen, Shaun Hooper, D. F. Menéndez, D. J. White, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, M. S. Meyer, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Michael L. Gorodetsky, T. Westphal, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, P. Wei, J. R. Smith, Martin Hewitson, Lindy Blackburn, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, T. Nash, Stefan Hild, Junwei Cao, V. Sandberg, A. Sibley, Carlos Cepeda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, M. V. Plissi, Keiko Kokeyama, G. H. Ogin, David H. Reitze, P. Peiris, C. Veltkamp, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, M. Kinsey, J. Breyer, D. Fazi, Miftar Ganija, J. R. Taylor, A. Grant, P. Wessels, I. Di Palma, A. A. van Veggel, D. Lodhia, C. Gray, S. H. Huttner, D. Atkinson, W. W. Johnson, Matthew Lang, Andrew Melatos, Kentaro Somiya, G. T. Jones, Joseph D. Romano, D. R. Ingram, Hartmut Grote, M. Brinkmann, P. Moesta, David Blair, Roman Schnabel, Kasem Mossavi, Jui-Lin Li, Phil Willems, M. Sakosky, Ilya Belopolski, I. Yakushin, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, P. T. Beyersdorf, G. Santostasi, L. Sammut, S. E. Whitcomb, Neil J. Cornish, A. Mytidis, C. D. Capano, P. E. Lindquist, Eric Howell, M. Factourovich, Eric Thrane, M. Phelps, Francesco Salemi, J. Garofoli, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, C. Peralta, M. Shaltev, L. K. Nuttall, M. R. Abernathy, Sarah Caudill, P. Yu, Lisa M. Goggin, H. R. Williams, I. Kamaretsos, O. Bock, K. L. Dooley, Nico Lastzka, G. Billingsley, B. Daudert, Jessica McIver, Lisa Barsotti, H. Overmier, F. Clara, G. Kang, Sanichiro Yoshida, F. Seifert, D. Sellers, Graham Woan, Miquel Trias, Peter Fritschel, M. Jacobson, A. Mullavey, M. Born, K. Mailand, A. Cumming, S. Foley, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Helge Müller-Ebhardt, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Saranya Ghosh, Simon Chelkowski, A. C. Searle, P. Patel, Malik Rakhmanov, L. Williams, Hyung Mok Lee, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, V. Herrera, Susumu Sato, C. A. Costa, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Weiya Zhang, E. Forsi, R. Riesen, D. Hoak, James DiGuglielmo, Patrick Brady, Roland Schilling, Oliver Burmeister, Bernard F. Schutz, A. M. Gretarsson, S. P. Tarabrin, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, Alexander Khalaidovski, Guido Mueller, T. T. Fricke, J. K. Blackburn, B. Bland, David Murphy, Sheila Rowan, D. Kim, J. Abadie, A. J. Stein, Stephen Fairhurst, R. L. Ward, J. H. Romie, L. Cunningham, R. Gustafson, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, S. E. Strigin, Nick Leindecker, Sebastian Steinlechner, Soumya D. Mohanty, N. Zotov, D. B. Kozak, K. Mason, C. Vorvick, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, E. Amador Ceron, R. M. Martin, Xavier Siemens, Yi Chen, Theodore A. Evans, Maik Frede, P. Schwinberg, W. G. Anderson, Giacomo Ciani, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, S. Vass, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, S. Grunewald, Aiko Samblowski, Amanda J. Page, A. F. Brooks, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, F. Y. Khalili, D. M. Macleod, Grant David Meadors, J. Zucker, Jessica Steinlechner, B. Sorazu, A. C. Melissinos, T. Z. Summerscales, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, P. Ehrens, P. Sainathan, K. Wette, John J. Oh, C. Adams, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, R. M. Cutler, P. Campsie, G. Moreno
Přispěvatelé: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Lincoln Laboratory, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, LVC Collaboration, The, Pinto, I. M., Principe, M.
Rok vydání: 2011
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nature Physics
Nature Physics, 7(12), 962-965. Nature Publishing Group
arXiv
ISSN: 1745-2473
Popis: Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein''s general theory of relativity(1) and are generated, for example, by black-hole binary systems(2). Present GW detectors are Michelson-type kilometre-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes between mirrors suspended in vacuum. The sensitivity of these detectors at frequencies above several hundred hertz is limited by the vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. A quantum technology-the injection of squeezed light(3)-offers a solution to this problem. Here we demonstrate the squeezed-light enhancement of GEO 600, which will be the GW observatory operated by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in its search for GWs for the next 3-4 years. GEO 600 now operates with its best ever sensitivity, which proves the usefulness of quantum entanglement and the qualification of squeezed light as a key technology for future GW astronomy(4).
Databáze: OpenAIRE