Hypothalamic Inflammation as a Potential Pathophysiologic Basis for the Heterogeneity of Clinical, Hormonal, and Metabolic Presentation in PCOS

Autor: Maria Sotiria Bompoula, George Mastorakos, Georgios Valsamakis, Sophia Kalantaridou, Alexandra Bargiota, Danai Barlampa
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Inflammation
lcsh:TX341-641
Hyperuricemia
Review
Diet
High-Fat
Endocrine System Diseases
Feeding and Eating Disorders
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Metabolic Diseases
Stress
Physiological
Limbic Encephalitis
Internal medicine
medicine
PCOS
Animals
Humans
Endocrine system
Glucose homeostasis
hypothalamus
hypothalamic inflammation
Feedback
Physiological
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
Mechanism (biology)
nutrients overconsumption
Mental Disorders
Fatty Acids
medicine.disease
Obesity
Polycystic ovary
Rats
Glucose
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
high-fat diet
Hypothalamus
polycystic ovary syndrome
Female
medicine.symptom
business
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Food Science
Hormone
Zdroj: Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 520, p 520 (2021)
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Popis: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. It is a heterogeneous condition characterized by reproductive, endocrine, metabolic, and psychiatric abnormalities. More than one pathogenic mechanism is involved in its development. On the other hand, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in many important functions of the body, including weight balance, food intake, and reproduction. A high-fat diet with a large amount of long-chain saturated fatty acids can induce inflammation in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamic neurons can sense extracellular glucose concentrations and participate, with a feedback mechanism, in the regulation of whole-body glucose homeostasis. When consumed nutrients are rich in fat and sugar, and these regulatory mechanisms can trigger inflammatory pathways resulting in hypothalamic inflammation. The latter has been correlated with metabolic diseases, obesity, and depression. In this review, we explore whether the pattern and the expansion of hypothalamic inflammation, as a result of a high-fat and -sugar diet, may contribute to the heterogeneity of the clinical, hormonal, and metabolic presentation in PCOS via pathophysiologic mechanisms affecting specific areas of the hypothalamus. These mechanisms could be potential targets for the development of effective therapies for the treatment of PCOS.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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