Neutrophils at the crossroads of acute viral infections and severity

Autor: Surender Rawat, Sudhanshu Vrati, Arup Banerjee
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
G-CSF
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
NOX
NADPH Oxidase
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Emergency granulopoiesis
Neutrophils
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
TLR4
Toll-Like Receptor 4
Clinical Biochemistry
Population
Neutrophil heterogeneity
Inflammation
αMβ2
alpha subunits for integrins Mac-1
Biology
PD-L1
Programmed death-ligand 1
Biochemistry
CMP
Common Myeloid Progenitors
Extracellular Traps
Article
Dengue fever
Dengue
C/EBP
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein
Immune system
PKC
protein kinase C
medicine
TPO
Thrombopoietin
ICAM-1
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
PAD4
peptidyl arginase deaminase 4
Humans
education
Molecular Biology
education.field_of_study
SARS-CoV-2
VLA4
Very Late Antigen 4
COVID-19
General Medicine
Neutrophil extracellular traps
LDN
Low-Density Neutrophil
medicine.disease
Phenotype
Immunology
Molecular Medicine
NET
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap
medicine.symptom
DENV
Dengue virus
Neutrophil extracellular trap
ROS
Reactive Oxygen Species
Zdroj: Molecular Aspects of Medicine
ISSN: 1872-9452
0098-2997
Popis: Neutrophils are versatile immune effector cells essential for mounting a first-line defense against invading pathogens. However, uncontrolled activation can lead to severe life-threatening complications. Neutrophils exist as a heterogeneous population, and their interaction with pathogens and other immune cells may shape the outcome of the host immune response. Diverse classes of viruses, including the recently identified novel SARS-CoV-2, have shown to alter the various aspects of neutrophil biology, offering possibilities for selective intervention. Here, we review heterogeneity within the neutrophil population, highlighting the functional consequences of circulating phenotypes and their critical involvement in exaggerating protective and pathological immune responses against the viruses. We discuss the recent findings of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in COVID-19 pathology and cover other viruses, where neutrophil biology and NETs are crucial for developing disease severity. In the end, we have also pointed out the areas where neutrophil-mediated responses can be finely tuned to outline opportunities for therapeutic manipulation in controlling inflammation against viral infection.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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