Prefrontal activity and impaired memory encoding strategies in schizophrenia
Autor: | Colin Hawco, Martin Lepage, Synthia Guimond |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male Brain activity and meditation Memory Episodic Individuality Elaborative encoding Prefrontal Cortex Neuropsychological Tests Functional Laterality 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine medicine Image Processing Computer-Assisted Humans Episodic memory Biological Psychiatry Neural correlates of consciousness Memory Disorders Recognition Psychology Impaired memory Middle Aged medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Oxygen Psychiatry and Mental health medicine.anatomical_structure Schizophrenia Female Schizophrenic Psychology Consumer neuroscience Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
Zdroj: | Journal of psychiatric research. 91 |
ISSN: | 1879-1379 |
Popis: | Schizophrenia patients have significant memory difficulties that have far-reaching implications in their daily life. These impairments are partly attributed to an inability to self-initiate effective memory encoding strategies, but its core neurobiological correlates remain unknown. The current study addresses this critical gap in our knowledge of episodic memory impairments in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia patients (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 23) underwent a Semantic Encoding Memory Task (SEMT) during an fMRI scan. Brain activity was examined for conditions where participants were a) prompted to use semantic encoding strategies, or b) not prompted but required to self-initiate such strategies. When prompted to use semantic encoding strategies, schizophrenia patients exhibited similar recognition performance and brain activity as healthy controls. However, when required to self-initiate these strategies, patients had significant reduced recognition performance and brain activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as in the left temporal gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, and cerebellum. When patients were divided based on performance on the SEMT, the subgroup with more severe deficits in self-initiation also showed greater reduction in left dorsolateral prefrontal activity. These results suggest that impaired self-initiation of elaborative encoding strategies is a driving feature of memory deficits in schizophrenia. We also identified the neural correlates of impaired self-initiation of semantic encoding strategies, in which a failure to activate the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays a key role. These findings provide important new targets in the development of novel treatments aiming to improve memory and ultimately patients' outcome. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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