Podophyllum hexandrum as a potential botanical supplement for the medical management of nuclear and radiological emergencies (NREs) and free radical-mediated ailments: leads from in vitro/in vivo radioprotective efficacy evaluation
| Autor: | Rajender P. Tripathi, Damodar Gupta, Raman Chawla, Rakesh Sharma, Jyoti Sharma, Shikha Singh, Atlar Singh Dhaker, Rajesh Arora, Ashok Kumar Sharma, Manish Adhikari, Raj Kumar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Erythrocytes
Free Radicals Stereochemistry Mice Inbred Strains Radiation-Protective Agents Pharmacology Lignans law.invention Lipid peroxidation chemistry.chemical_compound Mice law In vivo Malondialdehyde medicine Animals Humans Pharmacology (medical) Radiation Injuries Flavonoids Nutrition and Dietetics biology Plant Extracts Podophyllum DNA Free Radical Scavengers biology.organism_classification Reactive Nitrogen Species Podophyllotoxin Treatment Outcome chemistry Phytochemical Gamma Rays Dietary Supplements Hydroxyl radical Lipid Peroxidation Emergencies Phytotherapy Radioactive Hazard Release Reactive Oxygen Species Food Science medicine.drug DNA Damage |
| Zdroj: | Journal of dietary supplements. 7(1) |
| ISSN: | 1939-022X |
| Popis: | Management of radiation-induced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species requires a holistic approach to mitigate the deleterious effects of free radicals. Flora of the Himalayas, which prevails under extreme climatic conditions, has been explored for its potential utility to develop radioprotective drugs. The Himalayan high altitude medicinal plant, Podophyllum hexandrum Royle, was selected on the basis of its unique properties, and a novel fractionated nonpolar extract (REC-2003) was prepared and evaluated for radioprotective efficacy, in vitro as well as in vivo. The free radical scavenging activity of REC-2003 was found to be > 75% (20 μg/ml) with maximum superoxide scavenging activity (57.56 ± 1.38%) recorded at 1 mg/ml concentration (tetrazolium-based estimation). More than 30% inhibition of nitric oxide radicals was observed at concentrations > 0.5 mg/ml, while hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (deoxy-D-ribose assay) exhibited a dose-dependent (100-600 μg/ml) increase. Significantly high (90%) protection to human erythrocytes was observed at 75 μg/ml, which was found to be the most optimized dose. Similarly, more than 90% inhibition was observed against lipid peroxidation (evaluated by estimating levels of malondialdehyde). The significant antihemolytic potential of REC-2003 could be attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals, reduce peroxidative stress on lipid membranes, and render protection to DNA (evaluated using plasmid relaxation assay). All these activities holistically contributed toward the radioprotective ability. REC-2003 (8 mg/kg BW; intraperitoneal (i.p.), -30 min) rendered > 80% total-body protection in Swiss Albino Strain 'A' mice [against lethal radiation (10 Gy)] in a 30-day survival assay. Phytochemical characterization of the constituents of REC-2003 revealed the presence of polyphenolics (flavonoids). The characterized constituents also included the aryl-tetralin lignans like podophyllotoxin, its glycoside, 4'-demethyl derivative, and epi-podophyllotoxin. The optimized requisite single dose (8 mg/KgBW; i.p., -30 min) for obtaining significant radioprotection is reasonably low and establishes its future utility as a dietary supplement in the medical management of free radical-mediated diseases and specifically for rescue missions during nuclear and radiological emergencies (NREs). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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