Spatial and temporal variability of metals in inter-tidal beach sediment of Mumbai, India

Autor: C. S. Purushothaman, H. B. Jayasiri, A. Vennila
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Zdroj: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 186:1101-1111
ISSN: 1573-2959
0167-6369
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3441-7
Popis: Nine metals were monitored in the beach sediment in Mumbai from May 2011 to March 2012 to evaluate the spatial and temporal distributions. The average heavy metal concentrations exhibited the fol- lowing order: Fe >M n >C r >C o >N i >P b >Z n > Cu > Cd for the four sampling sites. The mean concen- trations (± SD) of Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn,Cu andCd wereestimated to be31.15±10.02 g kg �1 , 535.04±76.42, 151.98±97.90, 92.76±14.18, 67.52±11.32, 59.57±15.19, 54.65±15.01, 32.24±8.07 and 18.75±1.76 mg kg �1 ,r e- spectively. The results indicated that the sediments were polluted with Cd, Cr, Co and Pb due to high anthropo- genicinfluences.Spatial variationof metalsrevealedthat most of the metals were high in Dadar beach and low in Aksa beach. Cd was the highest contaminant metal stud- ied with a mean contamination factor of 93.75. The pollutionloadindicesofthestudiedbeachesrangedfrom 1.63 (Aksa) to 1.91 (Dadar) and indicated that the beach sediments were polluted with heavy metals. The heavy metal contents increased in relation to monsoon, and most of the heavy metals showed significantly high concentrations in November during the post-monsoon. The statisticalanalysis revealed significant effectof stud- y site on all the metals studied. Further, there was a significant difference on metal accumulation on bi- monthly basis in relation to weather pattern in Mumbai beaches.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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