Reorientation dynamics and structural interdependencies of actin, microtubules and intermediate filaments upon cyclic stretch application
| Autor: | Christina Linnartz, Ronald Springer, Alexander Zielinski, Catharina Pleschka, Rudolf Merkel, Georg Dreissen, Bernd Hoffmann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
genetic structures Cell Intermediate Filaments Vimentin macromolecular substances Cell morphology Microtubules 03 medical and health sciences Structural Biology Microtubule medicine Humans Intermediate filament Cytoskeleton Actin biology Mechanosensation Cell Biology Actins Actin Cytoskeleton 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure biology.protein Biophysics Stress Mechanical |
| Zdroj: | Cytoskeleton. 75:385-394 |
| ISSN: | 1949-3584 |
| Popis: | Any cell within a tissue is constantly confronted with a variety of mechanical stimuli. Sensing of these diverse stimuli plays an important role in cellular regulation. Besides shear stress, cells of the vascular endothelium are particularly exposed to a permanent cyclic straining originating from the interplay of outwards pushing blood pressure and inwards acting contraction by smooth musculature. Perpendicular alignment of cells as structural adaptation to this condition is a basic prerequisite in order to withstand deformation forces. Here, we combine live cell approaches with immunocytochemical analyses on single cell level to closely elucidate the mechanisms of cytoskeletal realignment to cyclic strain and consolidate orientation analyses of actin fibres, microtubules (MTs) and vimentin. We could show that strain-induced reorientation takes place for all cytoskeletal systems. However, all systems are characterized by their own, specific reorientation time course with actin filaments reorienting first followed by MTs and finally vimentin. Interestingly, in all cases, this reorientation was faster than cell body realignment which argues for an active adaptation mechanism for all cytoskeletal systems. Upon actin destabilization, already smallest alterations in actin kinetics massively hamper cell morphology under strain and therefore overall reorientation. Depolymerization of MTs just slightly influences actin reorientation velocity but strongly affects cell body reorientation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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