Minimizing pain associated with prekindergarten intramuscular injections
| Autor: | Joann Eland |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1981 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty business.industry Pain General Medicine Anxiety Pediatrics Injections Intramuscular Cold Temperature Patient Education as Topic Anesthesia Child Preschool Injection site Nursing Interventions Classification Physical therapy Pain psychology Medicine Humans Female Perception medicine.symptom business Psychological Theory Minimizing pain |
| Zdroj: | Issues in comprehensive pediatric nursing. 5(5-6) |
| ISSN: | 0146-0862 |
| Popis: | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two separate nursing interventions on the amount of pain experienced by prekindergarten children with a routine DPT immunization. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used in the study to test the two nursing interventions. One half the children had the skin coolant Frigiderm sprayed on the injection site immediately prior to the injection while the other half had aerosol air sprayed on their leg immediately prior to the injection. The second intervention attempted to alter the processing and interpretation of the injection pain by giving cognitive information. The sample consisted of 20 male and 20 female children between the ages of 4 years 9 months and 5 years 9 months. The mean amount of pain expressed by the children who received Frigiderm was 1.85, and the mean amount of pain for the aerosol air was 2.55. The mean amount of pain expressed when cognitive information was given was 2.10 compared to the no cognitive information group mean of 2.30. Alth... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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