Short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and emergency ambulance dispatch for acute illness in Japan
| Autor: | Saira Tasmin, Hiroshi Nitta, Andrew Stickley, Yamato Uehara, Shusuke Yasukouchi, Kayo Ueda, Takehiro Michikawa, Mizuki Oishi, Vera Ling Hui Phung, Shinya Yasumoto |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Time Factors Meteorology Names of the days of the week Ambulances Air pollution Population health 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Severity of Illness Index Acute illness 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Sex Factors Japan Environmental health Air Pollution Severity of illness medicine Environmental Chemistry Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Air Pollutants fungi Age Factors Environmental exposure Environmental Exposure Particulates Pollution Relative risk Acute Disease Particulate Matter |
| Zdroj: | The Science of the total environment. |
| ISSN: | 1879-1026 |
| Popis: | Short-term exposure to air pollution may be linked to negative health outcomes that require an emergency medical response. However, few studies have been undertaken on this phenomenon to date. The aim of this study therefore was to examine the association between short-term exposure to ambient suspended particulate matter (SPM) and emergency ambulance dispatches (EADs) for acute illness in Japan. Daily EAD data, daily mean SPM and meteorological data were obtained for four prefectures in the Kanto region of Japan for the period from 2007 to 2011. The area-specific association between daily EAD for acute illness and SPM was explored using generalized linear models while controlling for ambient temperature, relative humidity, seasonality, long-term trends, day of the week and public holidays. Stratified analyses were conducted to evaluate the modifying effects of age, sex and medical conditions. Area-specific estimates were combined using meta-analyses. For the total study period the mean level of SPM was 23.7μg/m(3). In general, higher SPM was associated with a significant increase in EAD for acute illness [estimated pooled relative risk (RR): 1.008, 95% CI: 1.007 to 1.010 per 10μg/m(3) increase in SPM at lag 0-1]. The effects of SPM on EAD for acute illness were significantly greater for moderate/mild medical conditions (e.g. cases that resulted in3weeks hospitalization or no hospitalization) when compared to severe medical conditions (e.g. critical cases, and cases that led to3weeks hospitalization or which resulted in death). Using EAD data, this study has shown the adverse health effects of ambient air pollution. This highlights the importance of reducing the level of air pollution in order to maintain population health and well-being. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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