| Popis: |
SUBSTANTIAL differences exist between the Southl and non-South in public schooling expenditures per pupil. One issue of concern is whether the difference arises only from lower income in the South or whether the South also invests less than the non-South in formal schooling out of a given income. Other issues of interest are whether states with a higher proportion of rural or of nonwhite populations have a lower willingness to invest in education, other things equal, and whether federal programs to finance education distribute funds among states progressively or regressively. These issues are examined in this article. The null hypotheses are that (a) the propensities to invest in formal schooling out of a given income are equal in the South and non-South; (b) racial composition does influence per pupil schooling expenditures; (c) urbanization does not influence per pupil schooling expenditures; and (d) federal assistance to education is distributed regressively; i.e., it rises with state income. These null hypotheses are tested with multiple regression analysis, using cross-sectional data for the school year 1967-68 from the 48 coterminous states. Current expenditures per pupil in average daily attendance in elementary and secondary schools are used as the level of expenditures for schooling. Per capita personal income in 1967 is used as the measure of the ability to finance elementary and secondary schooling. Schooling expenditures in 1967-68, per capita income in 1967, and data on the percentage of school revenue received from federal, state, and local sources are taken from the Digest of Educational Statistics, 1968. Since data on percent nonwhite and percent urban are not readily available for 1967, census data for 1960 are used for these two variables. |
