Role of central and peripheral ghrelin in the mechanism of gastric mucosal defence
| Autor: | Danuta Drozdowicz, Zbigniew Sliwowski, Peter C. Konturek, Michal Pawlik, Eckhart G. Hahn, Tomasz Brzozowski, Stanislaw J. Konturek, Wieslaw W. Pawlik |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Gastrointestinal Diseases Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Peptide Hormones medicine.medical_treatment Immunology Gene Expression Neuropeptide Vagotomy Calcitonin gene-related peptide Nitric Oxide Nitroarginine Gastric Acid chemistry.chemical_compound Stress Physiological Internal medicine Gastrins Immersion medicine Gastric mucosa Animals Pharmacology (medical) RNA Messenger Enzyme Inhibitors Rats Wistar Injections Intraventricular Pharmacology Dose-Response Relationship Drug Ethanol Chemistry Stomach digestive oral and skin physiology Water Ghrelin Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Gastric Mucosa Capsaicin Acute Disease Gastric acid Nitric Oxide Synthase Injections Intraperitoneal hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists |
| Zdroj: | InflammoPharmacology. 13:45-62 |
| ISSN: | 1568-5608 0925-4692 |
| DOI: | 10.1163/156856005774423971 |
| Popis: | Ghrelin, identified in the gastric mucosa, has been involved in the control of food intake and growth hormone (GH) release, but whether this hormone influences the gastric secretion and gastric mucosal integrity has been little elucidated. We compared the effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ghrelin on gastric secretion and gastric lesions induced in rats by 75% ethanol or 3.5 h of water immersion and restraint stress (WRS) with or without suppression of nitric oxide (NO)-synthase or functional ablation of afferent sensory nerves by capsaicin. The number and the area of gastric lesions was measured by planimetry, the GBF was assessed by the H2-gas clearance method and blood was withdrawn for the determination of the plasma ghrelin and gastrin levels. In addition, the gastric mucosal expression of mRNA for CGRP, the most potent neuropeptide released from the sensory afferent nerves, was analyzed in rats exposed to WRS with or without ghrelin pre-treatment. Ghrelin (5-80 microg/kg i.p. or 0.6-5 microg/kg i.c.v.) increased gastric acid secretion and attenuated gastric lesions induced by ethanol and WRS. This protective effect was accompanied by a significant rise in the gastric mucosal blood flow (GBF), luminal NO concentration and plasma ghrelin and gastrin levels. Ghrelin-induced protection was abolished by vagotomy and significantly attenuated by L-NNA and deactivation of afferent nerves with neurotoxic dose of capsaicin. The signal for CGRP mRNA was significantly increased in gastric mucosa exposed to WRS as compared to that in the intact gastric mucosa and this was further enhanced in animals treated with ghrelin. We conclude that central and peripheral ghrelin exerts a potent protective action on the stomach of rats exposed to ethanol or WRS, and these effects depend upon vagal activity and hyperemia mediated by the NOS-NO system and CGRP released from sensory afferent nerves. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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