Tuberculosis in Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Diagnosis and Screening Practices
| Autor: | Ballif, Marie, Renner, Lorna, Claude Dusingize, Jean, Leroy, Valeriane, Ayaya, Samuel, Wools-Kaloustian, Kara, Cortes, Claudia P., McGowan, Catherine C., Graber, Claire, Mandalakas, Anna M., Mofenson, Lynne M., Egger, Matthias, Kumara Wati, Ketut Dewi, Nallusamy, Revathy, Reubenson, Gary, Davies, Mary-Ann, Fenner, Lukas, Ajayi, Samuel, Anastos, Kathryn, Bashi, Jules, Bishai, William, Boulle, Andrew, Braitstein, Paula, Carriquiry, Gabriela, Carter, Jane E., Cegielski, Peter, Chimbetete, Cleophas, Conrad, Joseph, Cortes, Claudia, Diero, Lameck, Duda, Stephany, Durier, Nicolas, Dusingize, Jean Claude, Eboua, Tanoh F., Gasser, Adrian, Geng, Elvin, Gnokori, Joachim Charles, Hardwicke, Laura, Hoffmann, Chris, Huebner, Robin, Kancheya, Nzali, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Kim, Peter, Lameck, Diero, Leroy, Valériane, Lewden, Charlotte, Lindegren, Mary Lou, Mandalakas, Anna, Maskew, Mhairi, McKaig, Rosemary, Mofenson, Lynne, Mpoudi-Etame, Mireille, Okwara, Benson, Phiri, Sam, Prasitsuebsai, Wasana, Petit, April, Prozesky, Hans, Reid, Stewart E., Sohn, Annette, Sterling, Timothy, Vo, Quynh, Walker, Dana, Wehbe, Firas, Wejse, Christian, Wester, William, Williams, Carlie, Wood, Robin, Yao, Zhang, Yunihastuti, Evy, Abrams, Elaine, Ananworanich, Jintanat, Azondekon, Alain, Frieda Behets, Melanie Bacon, Cahn, Pedro, Cesar, Carina, Ciaranello, Andrea, Dabis, François, Edmonds, Andrew, Feinstein, Lydia, Hazra, Rohan, Hoover, Don, Keiser, Olivia, Magneres, Maria Cecilia, McGowan, Catherine, Messerschmidt, Liesl, Biribonwoha, Harriet Nuwagaba, Sharp, Gerald, Vreeman, Rachel, Worrell, Carol, Yiannoutsos, Constantine, Zwickl, Beth |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Wejse, Christian |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Tuberculosis Asia Anti-HIV Agents Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV Infections Diagnostic tools medicine.disease_cause Active tb medicine Humans Child 610 Medicine & health Developing Countries Poverty Africa South of the Sahara Microscopy medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Sputum Infant General Medicine Mycobacterium tuberculosis medicine.disease Antiretroviral therapy Infectious Diseases Low and middle income countries Child Preschool Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Radiography Thoracic medicine.symptom Americas Chest radiograph business Original Articles and Commentaries 360 Social problems & social services |
| Zdroj: | Ballif, M, Renner, L, Claude Dusingize, J, Leroy, V, Ayaya, S, Wools-Kaloustian, K, Cortes, C P, McGowan, C C, Graber, C, Mandalakas, A M, Mofenson, L M, Egger, M, Kumara Wati, K D, Nallusamy, R, Reubenson, G, Davies, M-A, Fenner, L & International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) (Christian Wejse, member) 2015, ' Tuberculosis in Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy Programs in Low-and Middle-Income Countries : Diagnosis and Screening Practices ', Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 30-8 . https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piu020 |
| DOI: | 10.7892/boris.77374 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: The global burden of childhood tuberculosis (TB) is estimated to be 0.5 million new cases per year. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are at high risk for TB. Diagnosis of TB in HIV-infected children remains a major challenge.METHODS: We describe TB diagnosis and screening practices of pediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. We used web-based questionnaires to collect data on ART programs and patients seen from March to July 2012. Forty-three ART programs treating children in 23 countries participated in the study.RESULTS: Sputum microscopy and chest Radiograph were available at all programs, mycobacterial culture in 40 (93%) sites, gastric aspiration in 27 (63%), induced sputum in 23 (54%), and Xpert MTB/RIF in 16 (37%) sites. Screening practices to exclude active TB before starting ART included contact history in 41 sites (84%), symptom screening in 38 (88%), and chest Radiograph in 34 sites (79%). The use of diagnostic tools was examined among 146 children diagnosed with TB during the study period. Chest Radiograph was used in 125 (86%) children, sputum microscopy in 76 (52%), induced sputum microscopy in 38 (26%), gastric aspirate microscopy in 35 (24%), culture in 25 (17%), and Xpert MTB/RIF in 11 (8%) children.CONCLUSIONS: Induced sputum and Xpert MTB/RIF were infrequently available to diagnose childhood TB, and screening was largely based on symptom identification. There is an urgent need to improve the capacity of ART programs in low- and middle-income countries to exclude and diagnose TB in HIV-infected children. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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