Comparison of Weight-Loss Diets with Different Compositions of Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrates
| Autor: | Nancy Laranjo, Louise M. Bishop, Donna H. Ryan, Catherine M. Loria, Frank L. Greenway, Vincent J. Carey, George A. Bray, Eva Obarzanek, Steven R. Smith, Lilian de Jonge, Meryl S. LeBoff, Jennifer Rood, Frank M. Sacks, Donald A. Williamson, Stephen D. Anton, Catherine M. Champagne, Katherine McManus |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Counseling
Male Carbohydrate content Diet Reducing Blood Pressure Satiation Overweight Body weight law.invention Diet Carbohydrate-Restricted chemistry.chemical_compound Randomized controlled trial Risk Factors law Weight loss Diabetes mellitus Weight Loss Diabetes Mellitus medicine Humans Obesity Food science Diet Fat-Restricted business.industry Cholesterol Body Weight Obstetrics and Gynecology General Medicine Middle Aged medicine.disease Dietary Fats chemistry Cardiovascular Diseases Patient Compliance Weight Loss Diets Female Waist Circumference medicine.symptom Energy Intake business |
| Zdroj: | New England Journal of Medicine. 360:859-873 |
| ISSN: | 1533-4406 0028-4793 |
| DOI: | 10.1056/nejmoa0804748 |
| Popis: | The possible advantage for weight loss of a diet that emphasizes protein, fat, or carbohydrates has not been established, and there are few studies that extend beyond 1 year.We randomly assigned 811 overweight adults to one of four diets; the targeted percentages of energy derived from fat, protein, and carbohydrates in the four diets were 20, 15, and 65%; 20, 25, and 55%; 40, 15, and 45%; and 40, 25, and 35%. The diets consisted of similar foods and met guidelines for cardiovascular health. The participants were offered group and individual instructional sessions for 2 years. The primary outcome was the change in body weight after 2 years in two-by-two factorial comparisons of low fat versus high fat and average protein versus high protein and in the comparison of highest and lowest carbohydrate content.At 6 months, participants assigned to each diet had lost an average of 6 kg, which represented 7% of their initial weight; they began to regain weight after 12 months. By 2 years, weight loss remained similar in those who were assigned to a diet with 15% protein and those assigned to a diet with 25% protein (3.0 and 3.6 kg, respectively); in those assigned to a diet with 20% fat and those assigned to a diet with 40% fat (3.3 kg for both groups); and in those assigned to a diet with 65% carbohydrates and those assigned to a diet with 35% carbohydrates (2.9 and 3.4 kg, respectively) (P0.20 for all comparisons). Among the 80% of participants who completed the trial, the average weight loss was 4 kg; 14 to 15% of the participants had a reduction of at least 10% of their initial body weight. Satiety, hunger, satisfaction with the diet, and attendance at group sessions were similar for all diets; attendance was strongly associated with weight loss (0.2 kg per session attended). The diets improved lipid-related risk factors and fasting insulin levels.Reduced-calorie diets result in clinically meaningful weight loss regardless of which macronutrients they emphasize. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00072995.) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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