Seasonal and dietary effects on Vitamin D deficiencies detected in wild boar from mid-western Spain
| Autor: | Waldo L. García-Jiménez, Pilar Gonçalves, Rosario Cerrato, María Bravo, Pedro Fernández-Llario, Javier Hermoso de Mendoza, David Risco |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Bone development Swine 040301 veterinary sciences Sus scrofa Population Food consumption Rickets Biology 0403 veterinary science Animal science Food Animals Wild boar biology.animal medicine Vitamin D and neurology Animals Animal nutrition education Swine Diseases education.field_of_study 0402 animal and dairy science 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Vitamin D Deficiency Supplemental food medicine.disease Animal Feed 040201 dairy & animal science Diet Spain Female Animal Science and Zoology Seasons |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 103:668-674 |
| ISSN: | 0931-2439 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jpn.13058 |
| Popis: | Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in important mammalian physiological mechanisms, such as Ca-P metabolism, bone development and immunological response. VitD deficiencies are frequently detected in domestic animals and related to various health problems (e.g., rickets, bone deformation). However, knowledge about the status of VitD in wildlife species, such as the wild boar, is scarce. The aims of this work were to explore VitD status in wild boar populations from mid-western Spain and to elucidate the influence of daylight exposure and food supplementation in levels of VitD. Serum concentration of VitD (measured as 25-hydroxivitaminD) was assessed in 276 wild boar from 27 game estates located in mid-western Spain using a commercial ELISA kit. In 19 out of 27 estates, the staff supplied a specific VitD-enriched food (2,000 UI/Kg) ad libitum throughout the year, while in the remaining estates (8), no food was supplied. Blood samples were extracted from hunted animals (198) between October and February of hunting seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, and from live wild boar (78) that were captured, sampled and released (March-September of 2017). The percentage of animals with VitD deficiency (20 ng/ml), VitD insufficiency (20-30 ng/ml) and VitD sufficiency (30 ng/ml) was estimated, and the relationship of these levels to factors like sex, age and season was assessed using chi-square tests. Furthermore, associations between daylight exposure and supplemental food with VitD levels were explored using linear models. Of the studied wild boar population, 82.2% showed a VitD deficiency or insufficiency. VitD deficiencies were more frequent in animals sampled in winter and spring. Furthermore, levels of VitD positively correlated with daylight exposure and supplemental food intake. Ad libitum supplementation with VitD-enriched food was insufficient to prevent VitD deficiencies in wild boar from November to April, probably because food consumption is lower during this period. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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