Patterns of genomic variation in the opportunistic pathogen candida glabrata suggest the existence of mating and a secondary association with humans

Autor: Damian Loska, Emilia Gómez-Molero, Laia Carreté, Oliver Bader, Ester Saus, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Cinta Pegueroles, Toni Gabaldón, Cécile Fairhead, Ewa Ksiezopolska
Přispěvatelé: Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Centro de Regulación Genómica (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [SEV-2012-0208, BFU2015-67107], European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Catalan Research Agency (AGAUR) [SGR857], CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya, European Union's Horizon research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-642095], GDRI 'iGenolevures' of the French CNRS, European Union [FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN-606786], European Project: 310325,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111109,NONCODEVOL(2013), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gabaldón, Toni
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Zdroj: Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
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Current Biology-CB
Current Biology-CB, Elsevier, 2018, 28 (1), pp.15-27 ; e1-e7. ⟨10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.027⟩
Current Biology
Current Biology-CB, 2018, 28 (1), pp.15-27 ; e1-e7. ⟨10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.027⟩
Current Biology 1 (28), 15–27 ; e1–e7. (2018)
ISSN: 0960-9822
1879-0445
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.027⟩
Popis: Summary Candida glabrata is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that ranks as the second most common cause of systemic candidiasis. Despite its genus name, this yeast is more closely related to the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae than to other Candida pathogens, and hence its ability to infect humans is thought to have emerged independently. Moreover, C. glabrata has all the necessary genes to undergo a sexual cycle but is considered an asexual organism due to the lack of direct evidence of sexual reproduction. To reconstruct the recent evolution of this pathogen and find footprints of sexual reproduction, we assessed genomic and phenotypic variation across 33 globally distributed C. glabrata isolates. We cataloged extensive copy-number variation, which particularly affects genes encoding cell-wall-associated proteins, including adhesins. The observed level of genetic variation in C. glabrata is significantly higher than that found in Candida albicans. This variation is structured into seven deeply divergent clades, which show recent geographical dispersion and large within-clade genomic and phenotypic differences. We show compelling evidence of recent admixture between differentiated lineages and of purifying selection on mating genes, which provides the first evidence for the existence of an active sexual cycle in this yeast. Altogether, our data point to a recent global spread of previously genetically isolated populations and suggest that humans are only a secondary niche for this yeast.
Highlights • Candida glabrata strains can be clustered into highly genetically divergent clades • Genetic structure suggests a recent global spread of previously isolated populations • The existence of sex in C. glabrata is supported by genomic footprints of selection • Mating-type switching occurs in C. glabrata natural populations but is error prone
Genome analyses of globally distributed isolates of the emerging fungal pathogen Candida point to a recent global spread of previously isolated populations, and suggest that humans are most likely a secondary niche for this yeast. Carreté et al. find evidence for the existence of recombination and mating in this purported “asexual” pathogen.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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