The Association of Dietary Fiber Intake with Cardiometabolic Risk in Four Countries across the Epidemiologic Transition

Autor: Brian T. Layden, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Terrence Forrester, Amy Luke, Lara R. Dugas, Louise Lie, Estelle V. Lambert, Pascal Bovet, Laquita Brown
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Jamaica
obesity
Population
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
lcsh:TX341-641
Disease
Type 2 diabetes
Seychelles
Ghana
Article
metabolic syndrome
epidemiologic transition
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Environmental health
cardiometabolic risk
Odds Ratio
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
education
Exercise
Inflammation
2. Zero hunger
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
1. No poverty
Middle Aged
dietary fiber
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2/epidemiology
Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage
Female
Ghana/epidemiology
Inflammation/epidemiology
Jamaica/epidemiology
Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology
Obesity/epidemiology
Seychelles/epidemiology
United States/epidemiology
medicine.disease
Obesity
United States
3. Good health
Epidemiological transition
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2
Quartile
Cardiovascular Diseases
Dietary fiber
Metabolic syndrome
business
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Food Science
Zdroj: Nutrients, Vol 10, Iss 5, p 628 (2018)
Nutrients, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. NA
Nutrients; Volume 10; Issue 5; Pages: 628
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Popis: The greatest burden of cardiovascular disease is now carried by developing countries with cardiometabolic conditions such as metabolic syndrome, obesity and inflammation believed to be the driving force behind this epidemic. Dietary fiber is known to have protective effects against obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Considering the emerging prevalence of these cardiometabolic disease states across the epidemiologic transition, the objective of this study is to explore these associations of dietary fiber with cardiometabolic risk factors in four countries across the epidemiologic transition. We examined population-based samples of men and women, aged 25–45 of African origin from Ghana, Jamaica, the Seychelles and the USA. Ghanaians had the lowest prevalence of obesity (10%), while Jamaicans had the lowest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (5%) across all the sites. Participants from the US presented with the highest prevalence of obesity (52%), and metabolic syndrome (22%). Overall, the Ghanaians consumed the highest dietary fiber (24.9 ± 9.7 g), followed by Jamaica (16.0 ± 8.3 g), the Seychelles (13.6 ± 7.2 g) and the lowest in the USA (14.2 ± 7.1 g). Consequently, 43% of Ghanaians met the fiber dietary guidelines (14 g/1000 kcal/day), 9% of Jamaicans, 6% of Seychellois, and only 3% of US adults. Across all sites, cardiometabolic risk (metabolic syndrome, inflammation and obesity) was inversely associated with dietary fiber intake, such that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 13% for those in the lowest quartile of fiber intake, compared to 9% those in the highest quartile of fiber intake. Notably, twice as many of participants (38%) in the lowest quartile were obese compared to those in the highest quartile of fiber intake (18%). These findings further support the need to incorporate strategies and policies to promote increased dietary fiber intake as one component for the prevention of cardiometabolic risk in all countries spanning the epidemiologic transition.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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