From Not Detected Pulmonary Embolism to Diagnosis of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Retrospective Study
| Autor: | G. Di Ricco, Carlo Giuntini, Bruno Formichi, A. Santolicandro, Antonio Palla |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1993 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Hypertension Pulmonary Hemodynamics Scintigraphy Electrocardiography Internal medicine medicine Humans Diagnostic Errors Radionuclide Imaging Lung Aged Retrospective Studies medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Respiratory disease Middle Aged medicine.disease Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary embolism Surgery Radiography Pneumonia Cardiology Female Blood Gas Analysis Azygos vein Pulmonary Embolism Chest radiograph business |
| Zdroj: | Respiration. 60:9-14 |
| ISSN: | 1423-0356 0025-7931 |
| Popis: | The past and present clinical history of 13 patients with hemodynamic and angiographic diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTPH) was reviewed in order to investigate the reasons for failure of resolution of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and findings useful for diagnosis of CTPH. All patients had chest radiograph, ECG, arterial blood gas analysis and pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy performed. Clinical assessment demonstrated that no patient had diagnosis and treatment of the several retrospectively identified episodes of PE (from 1 to 8); the lack of diagnosis was due to underestimation of symptoms and signs such as dyspnea (85%), pleuritic chest pain (31%) or phlebitis (46%) that were present months or years earlier. Alternative diagnoses erroneously made were dyspnea of unknown origin (5 cases), left heart failure (4 instances) and pneumonia (2 cases). Once CTPH has developed, chronic dyspnea (92%) and substernal chest pain (100%) are almost always present: chest radiograph and ECG show signs of chronic hypertension such as enlargement of hila (100%), right heart sections (77%), azygos vein (46%) and P pulmonale (67%), T inversion on right precordial leads (75%), S-T segment depression (75%), respectively. Perfusion scintigraphy shows severe perfusion impairment (55.7% of the total vascular bed) paralleled by severe hypoxia (standard PaO2 = 49 +/- 14.1 mm Hg). In conclusion, patients with PE who develop CTPH are not diagnosed and thus untreated because clinical symptoms and signs of acute PE have not been recognized. If CTPH develops, clinical assessment (including simple and noninvasive techniques such as chest radiograph, ECG and blood gas analysis) may show a quite characteristic pattern useful for diagnosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|