Some factors that restore goal-direction to a habitual behavior
| Autor: | Sydney Trask, Mark E. Bouton, John T. Green, Megan L. Shipman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
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Cognitive Neuroscience media_common.quotation_subject Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Context (language use) Article 050105 experimental psychology Habits 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Animals 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Rats Wistar Reinforcement media_common Behavior Animal 05 social sciences Action (philosophy) Taste aversion Conditioning Operant Habit Psychology Goals Reinforcement Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Neurobiol Learn Mem |
| ISSN: | 1074-7427 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107161 |
| Popis: | Recent findings from our laboratory suggest that an extensively-practiced instrumental behavior can appear to be a goal-directed action (rather than a habit) when a second behavior is added and reinforced during intermixed final sessions (Shipman, Trask, Bouton, & Green, 2018). The present experiments were designed to explore and understand this finding. All used the taste aversion method of devaluing the reinforcer to distinguish between goal-directed actions and habits. Experiment 1 confirmed that reinforcing a second response in a separate context (but not mere exposure to that context) can return an extensively-trained habit to the status of goal-directed action. Experiment 2 showed that training of the second response needs to be intermixed with training of the first response to produce this effect; training the second response after the first-response training was complete preserved the first response as a habit. Experiment 3 demonstrated that reinforcing the second response with a different reinforcer breaks the habit status of the first response. Experiment 4 found that free reinforcers (that were not response-contingent) were sufficient to restore goal-directed performance. Together, the results suggest that unexpected reinforcer delivery can render a habitual response goal-directed again. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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