Salt Intakes, Knowledge, and Behavior in Samoa: Monitoring Salt‐Consumption Patterns Through the World Health Organization's Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors (STEPS)
| Autor: | Mary-Anne Land, Jacqui Webster, Gavin Faeamani, Wendy Snowdon, Sarah Asi Faletoese Su'a, Bruce Neal, Satu Viali, Colin Bell, Marj Moodie, Kathy Trieu, Miraneta Vaiaso, Merenia Ieremia, Mark Woodward, Severine Bompoint, Claire Johnson |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Samoa Population Urine 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Recommended Dietary Allowances World Health Organization 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology World health Excretion 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Environmental health Internal Medicine 1101 Medical Biochemistry And Metabolomics Medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Salt intake Sodium Chloride Dietary education 2. Zero hunger education.field_of_study Original Paper business.industry Sodium 1103 Clinical Sciences Original Papers 3. Good health Standard error Cardiovascular System & Hematology Noncommunicable disease Population Surveillance Female Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business Body mass index |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) |
| ISSN: | 1751-7176 1524-6175 |
| Popis: | This project measured population salt intake in Samoa by integrating urinary sodium analysis into the World Health Organization's (WHO's) STEPwise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable disease risk factors (STEPS). A subsample of the Samoan Ministry of Health's 2013 STEPS Survey collected 24-hour and spot urine samples and completed questions on salt-related behaviors. Complete urine samples were available for 293 participants. Overall, weighted mean population 24-hour urine excretion of salt was 7.09 g (standard error 0.19) to 7.63 g (standard error 0.27) for men and 6.39 g (standard error 0.14) for women (P=.0014). Salt intake increased with body mass index (P=.0004), and people who added salt at the table had 1.5 g higher salt intakes than those who did not add salt (P=.0422). A total of 70% of the population had urinary excretion values above the 5 g/d cutoff recommended by the WHO. A reduction of 30% (2 g) would reduce average population salt intake to 5 g/d, in line with WHO recommendations. While challenging, integration of salt monitoring into STEPS provides clear logistical and cost benefits and the lessons communicated here can help inform future programs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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