Ecological Validity and Neuroanatomical Correlates of the NIH EXAMINER Executive Composite Score
| Autor: | Joel H. Kramer, Dan M Mungas, Katherine L. Possin, Kristie A. Wood, Amanda K. LaMarre |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Ecological validity Neuropsychological Tests Basic Behavioral and Social Science Medical and Health Sciences Article Developmental psychology Executive Function Fluency Clinical Research Behavioral and Social Science 80 and over Acquired Cognitive Impairment medicine Humans Dementia Prefrontal cortex Aged Aged 80 and over Working memory General Neuroscience Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Neurosciences Reproducibility of Results Experimental Psychology Cognition Middle Aged medicine.disease Executive functions Brain Disorders Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Mental Health Neurological Female Neurology (clinical) Nervous System Diseases Psychology Clinical psychology Stroop effect |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, vol 20, iss 1 |
| ISSN: | 1469-7661 1355-6177 |
| Popis: | Executive functions refer to a constellation of higher-level cognitive abilities that enable goal-oriented behavior. The NIH EXAMINER battery was designed to assess executive functions comprehensively and efficiently. Performance can be summarized by a single score, the “Executive Composite,” which combines measures of inhibition, set-shifting, fluency, and working memory. We evaluated the ecological validity of the Executive Composite in a sample of 225 mixed neurological patients and controls using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), an informant-based measure of real-world executive behavior. In addition, we investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of the Executive Composite using voxel-based morphometry in a sample of 37 participants diagnosed with dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or as neurologically healthy. The Executive Composite accounted for 28% of the variance in Frontal Systems Behavior Scale scores beyond age. Even after including two widely used executive function tests (Trails B and Stroop) as covariates, the Executive Composite remained a significant predictor of real-world behavior. Anatomically, poorer scores on the Executive Composite were associated with smaller right and left dorsolateral prefrontal volumes, brain regions critical for good executive control. Taken together, these results suggest that the Executive Composite measures important aspects of executive function not captured by standard measures and reflects the integrity of frontal systems. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–9) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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