Cardiorespiratory Response to Moderate Hypercapnia in Female College Students Expressing Behaviorally Inhibited Temperament
| Autor: | Daniel P Miller, Richard J. Servatius, Paul Martino, Justin D. Handy, Justin Robert Miller, Michael Todd Allen, Denise R Cook-Snyder |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
diatheses media_common.quotation_subject 050105 experimental psychology lcsh:RC321-571 03 medical and health sciences stress 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Heart rate variability 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Respiratory system lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Tidal volume media_common Original Research SDNN business.industry General Neuroscience 05 social sciences heart rate variability Cardiorespiratory fitness temperament anxiety Blood pressure Cardiology vagal activity Temperament medicine.symptom business Hypercapnia 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Respiratory minute volume circulatory and respiratory physiology Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Neuroscience Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 14 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1662-4548 |
| Popis: | Behaviorally inhibited (BI) temperament is marked by heightened behavioral sensitivity to environmental threats. The degree to which threat sensitivity is reflected in cardiorespiratory responses has been relatively unexplored. Female college students were exposed to modest hypercapnia (7.0% CO2) or ambient air (AA) while engaging in a computerized task with cued reinforcement features. All physiological variables except for blood pressure were processed in 4 min epochs corresponding to pre-exposure, exposure, and post-exposure. Primary respiratory measures were respiratory frequency (fb), tidal volume (VT), and minute ventilation (VE). Electrocardiograms (ECGs) were processed using ARTiiFACT software with resultant heart rate variability (HRV) measures in the frequency domain and time domain. Consistent with the literature, modest hypercapnia increased VT, Fb, and VE. No differences in respiratory parameters were detected between BI and non-behaviorally inhibited individuals (NI). For HRV in the time domain, RMSSD and NN50 values increased during CO2 inhalation which then returned to pre-exposure levels after CO2 cessation. Hypercapnia increased high frequency (HF) power which then recovered. BI exhibited reduced low frequency (LF) power during the pre-exposure period. For NI, LF power reduced over the subsequent phases ameliorating differences between BI and NI. Hypercapnia improved the task performance of BI. This is the largest study of female reactivity to hypercapnia and associated HRV to date. In general, hypercapnia increased time domain HRV and HF power, suggesting a strong vagal influence. Those expressing BI exhibited similar respiratory and HRV reactivity to NI despite inherently reduced LF power. Although 7% CO2 represents a mild challenge to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, it is nonetheless sufficient to explore inherent difference in stress reactivity in those vulnerable to develop anxiety disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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