Prior vaccination with rVSV-ZEBOV does not interfere with but improves efficacy of postexposure antibody treatment
Autor: | Robert W. Cross, Abhishek N. Prasad, Zachary A. Bornholdt, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Daniel J. Deer, Viktoriya Borisevich, Larry Zeitlin, Armand Sprecher, Thomas W. Geisbert, Heinz Feldmann, Karla A. Fenton, Kevin Melody |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Live attenuated vaccines medicine.medical_treatment viruses General Physics and Astronomy Kaplan-Meier Estimate medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Viral Ebola virus 0302 clinical medicine 030212 general & internal medicine lcsh:Science Multidisciplinary biology Vaccination Antibodies Monoclonal Viral Load Treatment Outcome Vesicular stomatitis virus Antibody Post-Exposure Prophylaxis medicine.drug_class Science Monoclonal antibody General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article Antibodies Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus 03 medical and health sciences medicine Animals Humans Post-exposure prophylaxis Ebola Vaccines business.industry Lethal dose General Chemistry Immunotherapy Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola biology.organism_classification Virology Macaca mulatta 030104 developmental biology Immunoglobulin M Immunoglobulin G biology.protein lcsh:Q business |
Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020) Nature Communications |
ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
Popis: | A replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine expressing the Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) (rVSV-ZEBOV) was successfully used during the 2013-16 EBOV epidemic. Additionally, chimeric and human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the EBOV GP have shown promise in animals and humans when administered therapeutically. Uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy of postexposure antibody treatments in the event of a known exposure of a recent rVSV-ZEBOV vaccinee. Here, we model a worst-case scenario using rhesus monkeys vaccinated or unvaccinated with the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine. We demonstrate that animals challenged with a uniformly lethal dose of EBOV one day following vaccination, and then treated with the anti-EBOV GP mAb MIL77 starting 3 days postexposure show no evidence of clinical illness and survive challenge. In contrast, animals receiving only vaccination or only mAb-based therapy become ill, with decreased survival compared to animals vaccinated and subsequently treated with MIL77. These results suggest that rVSV-ZEBOV augments immunotherapy. During an ongoing Ebola virus outbreak, infection before onset of protective immunity from vaccination is a possible scenario. Here the authors show in non-human primates that vaccination shortly before treatment with a monoclonal antibody does not negatively affect effectiveness of the antibody therapy. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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