Prior vaccination with rVSV-ZEBOV does not interfere with but improves efficacy of postexposure antibody treatment

Autor: Robert W. Cross, Abhishek N. Prasad, Zachary A. Bornholdt, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Daniel J. Deer, Viktoriya Borisevich, Larry Zeitlin, Armand Sprecher, Thomas W. Geisbert, Heinz Feldmann, Karla A. Fenton, Kevin Melody
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Live attenuated vaccines
medicine.medical_treatment
viruses
General Physics and Astronomy
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
medicine.disease_cause
Antibodies
Viral
Ebola virus
0302 clinical medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
lcsh:Science
Multidisciplinary
biology
Vaccination
Antibodies
Monoclonal
Viral Load
Treatment Outcome
Vesicular stomatitis virus
Antibody
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
medicine.drug_class
Science
Monoclonal antibody
General Biochemistry
Genetics and Molecular Biology
Article
Antibodies
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Animals
Humans
Post-exposure prophylaxis
Ebola Vaccines
business.industry
Lethal dose
General Chemistry
Immunotherapy
Hemorrhagic Fever
Ebola
biology.organism_classification
Virology
Macaca mulatta
030104 developmental biology
Immunoglobulin M
Immunoglobulin G
biology.protein
lcsh:Q
business
Zdroj: Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
Nature Communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Popis: A replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine expressing the Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) (rVSV-ZEBOV) was successfully used during the 2013-16 EBOV epidemic. Additionally, chimeric and human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the EBOV GP have shown promise in animals and humans when administered therapeutically. Uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy of postexposure antibody treatments in the event of a known exposure of a recent rVSV-ZEBOV vaccinee. Here, we model a worst-case scenario using rhesus monkeys vaccinated or unvaccinated with the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine. We demonstrate that animals challenged with a uniformly lethal dose of EBOV one day following vaccination, and then treated with the anti-EBOV GP mAb MIL77 starting 3 days postexposure show no evidence of clinical illness and survive challenge. In contrast, animals receiving only vaccination or only mAb-based therapy become ill, with decreased survival compared to animals vaccinated and subsequently treated with MIL77. These results suggest that rVSV-ZEBOV augments immunotherapy.
During an ongoing Ebola virus outbreak, infection before onset of protective immunity from vaccination is a possible scenario. Here the authors show in non-human primates that vaccination shortly before treatment with a monoclonal antibody does not negatively affect effectiveness of the antibody therapy.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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