Vitamin D in Systemic and Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases
| Autor: | Ramit Maoz Segal, Emanuel Theodor, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Nancy Agmon-Levin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Apoptosis
Cell Growth Processes medicine.disease_cause Calcitriol receptor Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmunity Immunomodulation Primary biliary cirrhosis Vitamin D and neurology medicine Animals Humans Immunology and Allergy Genetic Predisposition to Disease Vitamin D Autoimmune disease Polymorphism Genetic business.industry Multiple sclerosis Autoantibody General Medicine Vitamin D Deficiency medicine.disease Organ Specificity Rheumatoid arthritis Dietary Supplements Immunology Disease Progression Receptors Calcitriol Calcium business |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 45:256-266 |
| ISSN: | 1559-0267 1080-0549 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12016-012-8342-y |
| Popis: | Lately, vitamin D has been linked with metabolic and immunological processes, which established its role as an essential component of human health preservation. Vitamin D has been defined as natural immune modulators, and upon activation of its receptors (VDRs), it regulates calcium metabolism, cellular growth, proliferation and apoptosis, and other immunological functions. Epidemiological data underline a strong correlation between poor vitamin D status and higher risk for chronic inflammatory illnesses of various etiologies, including autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological, genetic, and basic studies indicated a potential role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of certain systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. These studies demonstrate correlation between low vitamin D and prevalence of diseases. In addition, VDRs' polymorphisms observed in some of these autoimmune diseases may further support a plausible pathogenic link. Notably, for some autoimmune disease, no correlation with vitamin D levels could be confirmed. Thus, in the current review we present the body of evidence regarding the plausible roles of vitamin D and VDR's polymorphism in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. We summarize the data regarding systemic (i.e., systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) and organ-specific (i.e., multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, primary biliary cirrhosis, etc.) autoimmune diseases, in which low level of vitamin D was found comparing to healthy subjects. In addition, we discuss the correlations between vitamin D levels and clinical manifestations and/or activity of diseases. In this context, we address the rational for vitamin D supplementation in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases. Further studies addressing the mechanisms by which vitamin D affects autoimmunity and the proper supplementation required are needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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