Innate immune response to Burkholderia mallei
| Autor: | Kamal U. Saikh, Tiffany M. Mott |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) Lipopolysaccharides Virulence Factors cellular immunity Burkholderia mallei Microbiology PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE: Edited by Dennis L. Stevens 03 medical and health sciences Innate Immune response Immunity vaccine medicine Animals Humans Pathogen Infectivity Antiinfective agent Innate immune system biology Intracellular parasite Glanders Toll-Like Receptors biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Immunity Innate 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases immune signaling Cytokines |
| Zdroj: | Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1473-6527 0951-7375 |
| Popis: | Purpose of review Burkholderia mallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes the highly contagious and often the fatal disease, glanders. With its high rate of infectivity via aerosol and recalcitrance toward antibiotics, this pathogen is considered a potential biological threat agent. This review focuses on the most recent literature highlighting host innate immune response to B. mallei. Recent findings Recent studies focused on elucidating host innate immune responses to the novel mechanisms and virulence factors employed by B. mallei for survival. Studies suggest that pathogen proteins manipulate various cellular processes, including host ubiquitination pathways, phagosomal escape, and actin–cytoskeleton rearrangement. Immune-signaling molecules such as Toll-like receptors, nucleotode-binding oligomerization domain, myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88, and proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-α, play key roles in the induction of innate immune responses. Modifications in B. mallei lipopolysaccharide, in particular, the lipid A acyl groups, stimulate immune responses via Toll-like receptor4 activation that may contribute to persistent infection. Summary Mortality is high because of septicemia and immune pathogenesis with B. mallei exposure. An effective innate immune response is critical to controlling the acute phase of the infection. Both vaccination and therapeutic approaches are necessary for complete protection against B. mallei. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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