Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: a narrative review
| Autor: | Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Thibault Fiolet, Yousra Kherabi, Jade Ghosn, Conor-James MacDonald |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Drug medicine.medical_specialty COVID-19 Vaccines media_common.quotation_subject Booster dose Immunity ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Pandemic medicine Humans Intensive care medicine Adverse effect BNT162 Vaccine media_common SARS-CoV-2 business.industry COVID-19 General Medicine Vaccination Infectious Diseases Immunization Observational study mRNA Vaccines Narrative Review business 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Microbiology and Infection |
| ISSN: | 1198-743X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005 |
| Popis: | Vaccines are critical cost-effective tools to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the emergence of variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may threaten the global impact of mass vaccination campaigns.The objective of this study was to provide an up-to-date comparative analysis of the characteristics, adverse events, efficacy, effectiveness and impact of the variants of concern for 19 COVID-19 vaccines.References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, BioRxiv, MedRxiv, regulatory drug agencies and pharmaceutical companies' websites up to 22nd September 2021.Overall, all COVID-19 vaccines had a high efficacy against the original strain and the variants of concern, and were well tolerated. BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 and Sputnik V after two doses had the highest efficacy (90%) in preventing symptomatic cases in phase III trials. mRNA vaccines, AZD1222, and CoronaVac were effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 and severe infections against Alpha, Beta, Gamma or Delta variants. Regarding observational real-life data, full immunization with mRNA vaccines and AZD1222 seems to effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection against the original strain and Alpha and Beta variants but with reduced effectiveness against the Delta strain. A decline in infection protection was observed at 6 months for BNT162b2 and AZD1222. Serious adverse event rates were rare for mRNA vaccines-anaphylaxis 2.5-4.7 cases per million doses, myocarditis 3.5 cases per million doses-and were similarly rare for all other vaccines. Prices for the different vaccines varied from $2.15 to $29.75 per dose.All vaccines appear to be safe and effective tools to prevent severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death against all variants of concern, but the quality of evidence greatly varies depending on the vaccines considered. Questions remain regarding a booster dose and waning immunity, the duration of immunity, and heterologous vaccination. The benefits of COVID-19 vaccination outweigh the risks, despite rare serious adverse effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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