Warfare in an evolutionary perspective
| Autor: | Bonaventura Majolo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Warfare
History Pan troglodytes Injury control L600 Anthropology Poison control Cultural Evolution Phenomenon medicine Animals Humans Social Behavior History Ancient Behavior Animal Aggression C182 Evolution Perspective (graphical) Hominidae Environmental ethics General Medicine C800 Psychology Human evolution Anthropology Outgroup medicine.symptom Social evolution |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews. 28:321-331 |
| ISSN: | 1520-6505 1060-1538 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/evan.21806 |
| Popis: | The importance of warfare for human evolution is hotly debated in anthropology. Some authors hypothesize that warfare emerged at least 200,000-100,000 years BP, was frequent, and significantly shaped human social evolution. Other authors claim that warfare is a recent phenomenon, linked to the emergence of agriculture, and mostly explained by cultural rather than evolutionary forces. Here I highlight and critically evaluate six controversial points on the evolutionary bases of warfare. I argue that cultural and evolutionary explanations on the emergence of warfare are not alternative but analyze biological diversity at two distinct levels. An evolved propensity to act aggressively towards outgroup individuals may emerge irrespective of whether warfare appeared early/late during human evolution. Finally, I argue that lethal violence and aggression towards outgroup individuals are two linked but distinct phenomena, and that war and peace are complementary and should not always be treated as two mutually-exclusive behavioral responses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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